Natural antibodies (NAb) are important humoral components of innate immunity. As the first line of defense, NAb provide protection against infection and support adaptive immunity. An earlier study indicated that serum levels of NAb isotypes IgM and IgG at a young age were predictive for survival in non-beak-trimmed purebred laying hens during the laying period. In the present study, genetic par...

DeKalb XL chicks were given a beak trim at 6 d of age (6DP) with a 2.8-mm gauge and a beak trim at 11 wk (11WB) with a block cut approximately 2 mm anterior to the nasal openings. Corticosterone (CS) levels of the 6DP treatment were (P < or = 0.01) elevated above nontrimmed CS levels at 2 h posttrim; and BW and feed consumption (FC) of the 6DP were depressed until 8 wk of age. At 11 wk of age, ...

This paper studies the effect of abrasive trimming on the electrical properties of Cu86Mn12Ni₂ Manganin alloy shunt resistors. A precision abrasive trimming system for fine tuning the resistance tolerance of high current Manganin shunt resistors is proposed. The system is shown to be capable of reducing the resistance tolerance of 100 μΩ shunts from their standard value of ±5% to <±1% by removi...

Two new noise-reduction algorithms, namely, the adaptive symmetric mean filter (ASMF) and the hybrid filter, are presented in this paper. The idea of the ASMF is to find the largest symmetric region on a slope facet by incorporation of the gradient similarity criterion and the symmetry constraint into region growing. The gradient similarity criterion allows more pixels to be included for a stat...

abstract: impeller trimming is a proper way to alter the performance of centrifugal pump with a constant speed so as to meet the demand on the specified flow rate and head in pumping systems. the affinity law accounting for the impeller trimming is the key relation to determine the pump performance with a trimmed impeller. there seems no experimental study dealing with such an affinity law for ...

Most methods for computing offsets and bisectors of parametric curves are based on a local formulation of the distance to a curve. As a consequence, the computed objects may contain spurious parts and components, and have to be trimmed. We approach these problems as global optimization problems, and solve them using interval arithmetic, thus generating robust approximations that need not be tri...