Chemical and aerosol processes in the transition from closedto open-cell circulation in the remote, cloudy marine boundary layer are explored. It has previously been shown that precipitation can initiate a transition from the closedto the open-cellular state, but that the boundary layer cannot maintain this open-cell state without a resupply of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Potential sources...

A brief review is given of studies of surfaces and small particles using electron beam techniques. The principal tools are secondary, Auger and backscattered electrons, either energyfiltered using various types of analyzers, or as a stronger signal with coarser energy filtering. These tools have been deployed in wide-beam surface science instruments, but also increasingly in scanning electron a...

High-speed applications using ultra-fast data converters in their design often require an extremely clean clock signal to make sure an external clock source does not contribute undesired noise to the overal dynamic performance of the system. It is therefore crucial to select suitable system components, which help generate a low phase-jitter clock. The following application note serves as a valu...

An ultra-compact plasmonic-mode-assisted polarization splitter based on directional coupler is proposed and investigated analytically and numerically. A large modal birefringence of > 0.69 is estimated, enabling a clean polarization separation within 5.6 1m. Keywords-Polarization splitters; surface plasmons; plasmonic waveguides

UWB (Ultra-Wideband) is one of the WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network) Technologies; its main applications include imaging systems, vehicular radar systems and communications and measurement systems. Ever since the FCC released unlicensed spectrum of 3.1-10.6 GHz for UWB application in 2002, UWB has received significant interest from both industry and academia. Comparing with traditional narr...