linear state bisection is introduced as a new method to find time-invariant state feedback control laws for a special form of underactuated nonlinear systems. the specialty of the systems considered is that every unactuated state should be coupled with at least two directly actuated states. the basic idea is based on bisecting actuated states and using linear combinations with adjustable parame...

Background. Several researchers have studied the effects of type of feedback on learning motor skills, but there are few studies on the interaction between personality traits and the type of feedback. Objectives. This study aimed at investigating the effect of type of feedback on intrinsic motivation and learning volleyball jump serve in students with neuroticism. Methods. A total of 59 femal...

The present study-both qualitative and quantitative--explored fifty EFL learners’ preferences for receiving error feedback on different grammatical units as well as their beliefs about teacher feedback strategies. The study also examined the effect of the students’ level of writing ability on their views about the importance of teacher feedback on different error types. Data was gathered throug...

The role of oral corrective feedback has been investigated by SLA researchers from various perspectives. Focusing on Iranian EFL context, the present study aimed to explore the role of receiving corrective feedback in the learning of English grammatical structures. It also probed the association between the type of corrective feedback and EFL learners’ learning styles. This was an experimental ...

Pulsed lasers at the near infrared (NIR) range have been widely used in dermatology. Ultrashort pulsed picosecond are found with specific ability of very effective activation skin repair and remodeling along significant photodamage. Femtosecond lasers, a shorter pulse width, may be promising alternative to current NIR clinic. In this study, we performed optical micromachining by femtosecond las...

web search engines are one of the most popular tools on the internet which are widely-used by expert and novice users. constructing an adequate query which represents the best specification of users’ information need to the search engine is an important concern of web users. query expansion is a way to reduce this concern and increase user satisfaction. in this paper, a new method of query expa...

The best III-V solar cells start out as single-crystalline multilayers on GaAs substrates. Separating these from their growth substrate enables higher performance and wafer reuse, which are both critical for terrestrial cell viability. Here, we remove rigidly bonded, 16 mm2 × 3.5 μm thick devices a using an unfocused Nd:YAG laser pulse. pulse is absorbed by low-band-gap, lattice-matched layer b...