BACKGROUND Life expectancy at birth in Russia is over 12 years less than in western Europe. This study explores the possible role of medical care in explaining this gap by examining the evolving pattern of mortality amenable to timely and effective medical care in Russia compared with Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and the UK. METHODS Analysis of standardized death rates from causes amenable...

The article analyzes the situation of border conflicts between Ural region and Bashkir Autonomous Socialist Republic (BASSR) over territory bend Belaya Kama rivers in 1920s. It is emphasized that nowadays, there a narrative historiography about predominance “national republics” USSR 1920s, but this provision may be revised. Until 1918, lands question belonged to landowners, were inhabited by Ru...

His remonstrations were enjoined by Robert Merton, who reproached me for the false imputation that mistakes capitalism for industrialism. He was criticising an essay I had written in 1982 about the industrial sociology of his recently deceased student Alvin Gouldner. I claimed that Gouldner’s classic text, Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy, missed the specifically capitalist character of indus...

after the collapse of soviet :union:, america, which saw itself unrivaled in the world, wanted to play an active and effective role in the independence of countries from the soviet :union: and their willingness, particularly the republic of azerbaijan, to the west- especially the us. this made it easier for to penetrate in the region. american foreign policy elites thought that the withdrawal o...

An informal research study for background information The Soviet Union invariably supports the peace movement. The World Peace Council, in its turn, positively reacts to a// Soviet initiatives in international affairs. Wider mobilization of public opinion in support of the Soviet Union’s peaceful initiatives ... would help further to improve the world climate. (WPC President Romesh Chandra, New...

This paper examines Moldova’s performance in the area of Macroeconomic stabilisation since independence. Analysis of key indicators such as prices, the budget, monetary growth and output reveal that after initial problems progress has been relatively satisfactory more recently. Furthermore, political developments have not impeded reforms to a great extent as they have in other post Soviet repub...

The existing disappointment with the performance of transition economies is unjustified as far as the contraction of their industries, real wages and capital formation in the 1990s is concerned. The initial under-performance of transition economies that had inherited more severe shortages, as in former Soviet Republics, is to be expected also. We establish these results by estimating what align...

There is a strong relationship between regional integration and economic performance. This paper investigates the impact of on macroeconomic indicators in Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) – trade block created by former Soviet republics 2014. study compares two types collaboration strategies: first, unilateral liberalization with one-sided opening market access that does not imply any mutual conc...

It seems evident that class differences and class struggle continue to exist in socialist societies; that is to say, in societies like the Soviet Union and China, which have undergone socialist revolutions and in which private property in the means of production has been largely abolished. I shall not attempt to prove this proposition here; rather it will form my starting point. For my purpose ...