We determined the acute effects of oxidative stress on glucose uptake and intracellular signaling in skeletal muscle by incubating muscles with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a superoxide-generating enzyme that increases ROS. Exposure of isolated rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles to Hx/XO (Hx/XO) for 20 min resulted in a dose-dependent increase in glucose upta...

BACKGROUND An unknown location hampers removal of pancreatic tumours. We studied the effects of enzyme inhibitors on the uptake of 6-[18F]fluoro-l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine ([18F]FDOPA) in the pancreas, aiming at improved imaging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS Mice bearing orthotopic BxPC3 pancreatic adenocarcinoma were injected with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) and scan...

In this study, we aimed to investigate modulation of glucose uptake by the HTR-8/SVneo human first-trimester extravillous trophoblast cell line by a series of compounds and to study its consequences upon cell proliferation, viability and migration. We observed that uptake of (3)H-deoxy-d-glucose ((3)H-DG; 10 nM) was time-dependent, saturable, inhibited by cytochalasin B (50 and 100 µM), phloret...

UNLABELLED Sevoflurane activates phospholipase C and protein kinase C, leading to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration, which modulates glucose transport. We studied in vitro the effect of sevoflurane on the uptake of 2-deoxyglucose in rat skeletal muscle cells and the mechanism that modulates the glucose transport. Sevoflurane 0.8, 1.2, and 2.0 mM significantly increased glucose u...

OBJECTIVE Since tumor radiation response is oxygen-dependent, radiosensitivity can be enhanced by increasing tumor oxygenation. Theoretically, inhibiting cellular oxygen consumption is the most efficient way to increase oxygen levels. The cationic, rhodacyanine dye-analog MKT-077 inhibits mitochondrial respiration and could be an effective metabolic inhibitor. However, the relationship between ...

Our previous studies found that osthole markedly reduced blood glucose levels in both db/db and ob/ob mice. To improve the antidiabetic activity of osthole, a series of N-hydroxycinnamide derivatives of osthole were synthesized, and their hypoglycemia activities were examined in vitro and in vivo. Both N-hydroxycinnamide derivatives of osthole, OHC-4p and OHC-2m, had the greatest potential for ...

Exogenous administration of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins PGF2 alpha, PGD2 and PGE2 increased potassium-stimulated uptake of calcium in rat brain synaptosomes from the brain of the rat, but had no effect on the basal uptake of calcium. Arachidonic acid-induced uptake of calcium was mediated by its prostaglandin metabolites, because a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, inhibited the resp...

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) can facilitate uptake of quantum dots (QDs) for a variety of basic and applied sciences. Here we describe a method that utilizes simple noncovalent interactions to complex QDs and CPPs. We further describe methods to study uptake mechanisms of the QD/CPP complex. The inhibitor study coupled with the RNA interference (RNAi) technique provides a comprehensive appr...

The application of urea fertilizer has always been associated with heavy N losses therefore, improving its efficiency is critical to minimize economic and environmental losses associated with its application. One possible approach to improve the nitrogen losses from the surface applied urea is to coat it with sulfur, urease inhibitor (agrotain) and other biodegradable materials. A pot experimen...

We have examined the effects of exogenous and intrasynaptosomal histamine on the GABA transport in rat brain synaptosomes. Exogenous histamine had no effect on GABA uptake, but inhibited veratridine-evoked GABA release. GABA uptake was susceptible to the modification of histamine synthesis in synaptosomes. The increase of synaptosomal histamine level by incubation under conditions favouring his...