while risk reduction has been mainly addressed by seismologists and engineers by now, the total impact of earthquake greatly depends on urban planning factors. the effects of planning can be considered in the socio economic and physical aspects. urban planning may have a dominant role in various earthquake phases: at the time of earthquake; rescue, and emergency, as well as temporary and perman...

Payment to Medicare Advantage (MA) plans was fundamentally altered in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA). MA plans now operate under a new formula for county-level payment area benchmarks, and in 2012 began receiving quality-based bonus payments. The Medicare Advantage Quality Bonus Payment Demonstration expanded the bonus payments to most MA plans through 2014; howeve...

one of the necessary preconditions to provide people's active participation in performance of development plans and the most basic of preparation to pave the way for the successful implementation of the plan is selection of appropriate theory in the field of justice and welfare for this plans. in this research, while reviewing development plans of the islamic republic of iran, because the ...

Since the inauguration of the government-led five year economic plans in the 1960s, Korea has achieved remarkable economic development. Korea’s economic strategy, known as ‘The Miracle on the Han River’, focused on heavy and chemical industries such as ship building and petrochemicals and was based on resource intensive urbanization. This rapid urban development caused a series of problems, suc...

UrbanSim simulates the development of urban areas, including land use, transportation, and environmental impacts, over periods of twenty or more years. Its purpose is to aid urban planners, residents, and elected officials in evaluating the long-term results of alternate plans, particularly as they relate to such issues as housing, business and economic development, sprawl, open space, traffic ...

urban management in any context has a different economic, social and political structure, which is in harmony with the existing models of organization. in spite of these differences, in order to reach a sustainable urban development, several different conferences should be referred to. in the “brundtland commission 1987” about urban sustainable development these definitions have been given: “pr...