This paper provides an overview of the state of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) by local authorities in Kenya as a case study of a low-income developing country. Approaches of possible solutions that can be undertaken to improve municipal solid waste (MSW) services are discussed. Poor economic growth (1.1% in 1993) has resulted in an increase in the poverty level which presently stands ...

As a result of the continuous urbanization and industrialization in China over the last few decades, heavy metals have been continuously emitted into urban environments and now pose serious threats to human health. In the present study, an extensive urban near-surface dust survey was conducted in Changchun, China, to evaluate the current status of heavy metal contamination in urban dust and to ...

human factors issues associated with roadway design and operations are critical components of improving highway safety. first, the three major components of highway safety are driver behavior, vehicle safety, and roadway safety. the general philosophy in roadside safety follows the priorities of (1) remove the hazard, (2) relocate the hazard, (3) make the hazard forgiving, and (4) shield the ha...

The increasing industrial activities, number of vehicles on road and population in large cities causes the contamination air urban environment, eventually affect human health. Therefore, aim this study was to collect soil dust samples from twelve roadside academic institutions Dhaka City, Bangladesh. One sites is control site for study. elemental (Ca, Fe, K, Ti, Sr, Zn, Zr, Rb, Cr, Ni, Pb Cu) c...

Predictive models of species distributions are typically developed with data collected along roads. Roadside sampling may provide a biased (nonrandom) sample; however, it is currently unknown whether roadside sampling limits the accuracy of predictions generated by species distribution models. We tested whether roadside sampling affects the accuracy of predictions generated by species distribut...

Copper, lead, cadmium, and zinc levels were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in surface soil, plants, and air samples taken from both sides of the major highway connecting Amman with the southern parts of Jordan. Elevated levels of the studied elements were found in both soil and plants on the east side and on the west side of the road compared with the background values. The hig...

Rights © 2014 Jinqi Zhu et al.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), message dissemination to one or more vehicles is very challenging, due to frequent network disconnections and unc...