To determine whether the yogic Ujjayi pranayamic type of breathing that involves sensory awareness and consciously controlled, extremely slow-rate breathing including at least a period of end-inspiration breath holding in each respiratory cycle would alter oxygen consumption or not, ten males with long standing experience in pranayama, and volunteering to participate in the laboratory study wer...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of prone and supine positions on breathing pattern variables, thoracoabdominal motion and peripheral oxygen saturation of hemoglobin of premature newborn infants recovering from respiratory distress syndrome, while breathing spontaneously and in rapid eye movement sleep. METHODS This was a quasi-experimental study. Twelve preterms weighing > 1,000 g at enrollmen...

BACKGROUND Accurate estimates of multiple breath washout (MBW) outcomes require correct operation of the device, appropriate distraction of the subject to ensure they breathe in a manner representative of their relaxed tidal breathing pattern, and appropriate interpretation of the acquired data. Based on available recommendations for an acceptable MBW test, we aimed to develop a protocol to sys...

Urea is a protein unfolding agent that can accumulate to locally high concentrations in tissues of many organisms. We used Drosophila melanogaster to test the hypothesis that urea loading would promote formation of isoaspartate (beta-carboxyl-linked aspartate), a common form of protein damage that occurs most readily in unstructured polypeptides and flexible regions of folded proteins. Ten popu...

BACKGROUND Disturbed breathing during sleep, with episodic upper airway obstruction, is frequent after major surgery. Ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia during episodes of airway obstruction are difficult to investigate because the usual measure, that of ventilation, has been attenuated by the obstruction. We simulated the blood gas stimulus associated with obstruction to allow in...

BACKGROUND Rupture of fetal membranes can occur at any gestational age. Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) means rupture of fetal membranes before the onset of labor. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the reliability of the vaginal washing fluid urea and creatinine for the diagnosis of PROM and to determine cut-off values. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 17...

In mangrove killifish Rivulus marmoratus, urea excretion (J(urea)) follows a distinct diurnal pattern with the highest rates between 12:00 h and 18:00 h. We investigated the regulating mechanisms that underlie temporal rhythms in J(urea) in R. marmoratus. We hypothesized that the daily pattern of J(urea) in R. marmoratus is (1) due to diurnal changes in urea synthesis rates and ultimately metab...

This study was designed to test whether awareness of the measurement of breathing influences the breathing pattern in healthy subjects under routine laboratory conditions. Seventy four subjects (40 females and 34 males), aged 21-63 yrs, were studied under three different conditions whilst their breathing was being recorded for 5 min by means of inductance plethysmography (Respitrace): 1) subjec...