The tissue-selective estrogen complex (TSEC) pairs conjugated estrogens (CE) with a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), bazedoxifene acetate (BZA). A 2-year treatment with the TSEC improved vasomotor symptoms, quality of life, and vaginal atrophy in healthy postmenopausal women. In addition, the TSEC prevented vertebral and hip bone loss without increasing mammographic density, breast...

GENITOURINARY syndrome of menopause (GSM), preablative CO laser. After the third treatment paviously known as vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), is a condition affecting postmenopausal women, often characterized by vaginal dryness, burning, itching, irritation, dysuria and dyspareunia. Therapies range fromvaginalmoisturizers to lowdose topical estrogen, and selective estrogen receptor modulators. Cost...

Several recent, large-scale studies have provided valuable insights into patient perspectives on postmenopausal vulvovaginal health. Symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy, which include dryness, irritation, itching, dysuria, and dyspareunia, can adversely affect interpersonal relationships, quality of life, and sexual function. While approximately half of postmenopausal women report these symptoms, ...

Purpose: Diabetes profoundly and negatively impacts all domains of female sexual function, however, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unknown. To date, limited studies have been published on the effects of type 1 & type 2 diabetes on female genital sexual arousal and how this may impact overall sexual function. The aim of this review is to discuss the effects of diabetes on fe...

In a review of the effect of gynecological operations on sexual function, difficulties resulting from operative technique and from psychological side effects were discussed. In repair of prolapse of the vagina, operative technique has been considered of crucial importance in influencing the sexual life of the patient. Preoperative clinical assessment rarely gives an accurate picture but can p...

The authors carried out an evaluation of the genito-urinary syndrome of menopause, which is defined as a set of signs and symptoms associated with the reduction of estrogen and other sex steroids involving changes in labia maiora and minora, clitoris, vaginal vestibule, urethra and bladder, which create discomfort and are not better explained by another diagnosis. The syndrome may include, but ...

This article focuses on the cause, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis of, and treatment options for vasomotor symptoms. In addition, it summarizes important points for health care providers caring for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women with regard to health maintenance, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and vaginal atrophy. Treatment options for hot flashes with variable effective...

BACKGROUND Although postmenopausal vulvar pain is frequently attributed to vaginal atrophy, such symptoms may be due to vulvodynia, a chronic vulvar pain condition. Given the limited research on vulvodynia in postmenopausal women, the objective of this study was to provide preliminary population-based data on the associations of vaginal symptoms, serum hormone levels and hormone use with chroni...

Soybean a species of legume native to East Asia belonging to Fabaceae family .it is a cheap source of protein. This review article was carried out by searching studies in PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and IranMedex databases up to 2016. Eighty three articles was found, of which 50 articles were included. The search terms were “soybean”, “therapeutic”, “pharmacological”, "Chemistry". Various ...