Heat transfer during flow boiling in minichannels and microchannels is intimately linked to the liquid-vapor phase distribution in the channels. The vapor phase exists as nucleating bubbles, dispersed bubbles, elongated bubbles, an annular core, or all vapor flow completely filling the channel. Similarly, the liquid can exist as bulk liquid, slugs, thin film on the heated wall, or dispersed dro...

We describe a promising and flexible technique for fabricating uniform nonspherical particles with anisotropic phase and surface properties. Our approach is based on the seeded polymerization technique in which monomer-swollen particles are polymerized. The polymerization causes a phase separation to occur, giving rise to two-phase nonspherical particles. We show that the elastic contraction of...

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The coordination polymerization of ethylene in water as a reaction medium was studied. Rubbery amorphous branched polyethylene was obtained when a known cationic diimine-substituted methyl complex was employed as a catalyst precursor. High rates of up to 900 TOh(-1) (turnover frequency) were observed. In contrast to solution polymerization in an organic solvent, the rate of suspension polymeriz...

In this paper, we study the application of the concept of finite-time thermodynamics to first-order phase transitions. As an example, we investigate the transition from the gaseous to the liquid state by modeling the liquification of the gas in a finite time. In particular, we introduce, state, and solve an optimal control problem in which we aim at achieving the gas-liquid first-order phase tr...

While gas discharges under atmospheric pressure occur as filamentary discharges, most studies on plasma polymerization, or plasma Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD), were carried out in low-pressure (low temperature, non-equilibrium) plasma. However, it is reasonable to assume that the fundamentals of plasma polymerization found by low-pressure discharge apply to the gas phase in the filamentary ...

An analytical model is developed for the startup transient of asymmetrical flat-plate and diskshaped heat pipes. The model solves the proper transient heat conduction equations for the heat pipe wall and liquid-wick regions. A quasi-steady state, pseudo three-dimensional approximation is used for the vapor transi’ent behavior. The heat transfer within the wall and liquid-wick regions is coupled...

Composite porous supercapacitor electrodes were prepared by growing poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) on graphite nanoplatelet- or graphene nanoplatelet-deposited open-cell polyurethane (PU) sponges via a vapor phase polymerization (VPP) method. The resulting composite exhibited great capacitive performance, with PEDOT acting as both the conductive binder and active material. chemical co...