OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to determine therapeutic serum testosterone (T) levels/ranges and inter-individual variance in women treated with subcutaneous T implants. STUDY DESIGN In study group 1, T levels were measured at two separate time intervals in pre- and post-menopausal women treated with subcutaneous T for symptoms of androgen deficiency: (i) four weeks after pellet...

A number of estimation methods for the variance components in the Wing-Kristofferson model for inter-response times are examined and compared by means of a simulation study. The estimation methods studied are the method of moments, maximum likelihood, and an alternative approach in which the Wing-Kristofferson model is recognized as a moving average model.

BACKGROUND Minimally-invasive measurement of continuous inter-vertebral motion in clinical settings is difficult to achieve. This paper describes the reliability, validity and radiation exposure levels in a new Objective Spinal Motion Imaging Assessment system (OSMIA) based on low-dose fluoroscopy and image processing. METHODS Fluoroscopic sequences in coronal and sagittal planes were obtaine...

Objectives: To determine intraand inter-observer reproducibility of the ultrasound measurement of pelvic inlet in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound was performed to measure the pelvic inlet anteroposterior diameter using a 2D probe in twelve Chinese women having a singleton pregnancy. Scans were performed in the first trimester by three sonographers. Th...

This study aimed to quantify the variability of walking in young adults across measurement sessions held at varied time intervals. Inconsistent marker placement, a major source of variation in gait measurement, was minimized in this study in order to quantify how much variation is attributable to participants naturally altering their walking. Three-dimensional gait data were captured from five ...

Choice of the optimal number and sequence of breeds in a periodic cross was determined by comparing the trade-off between increased utilization of breed differences and decreased utilization of heterosis. It was shown that the change in mean efficiency resulting from adding the next best breed to the best conventional n-breed rotation is always less than the change in efficiency predicted from ...

We consider pricing of various types of exotic discrete variance swaps, like the gamma swaps and corridor swaps, under the 3/2-stochastic volatility models with jumps. The class of stochastic volatility models (SVM) that use a constant-elasticity-of-variance (CEV) process for the instantaneous variance exhibit nice analytical tractability when the CEV parameter takes just a few special values (...

OBJECTIVE To examine the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) at the item level after stroke. DESIGN An intra-rater and inter-rater reliability study. SUBJECTS Thirty-five participants (median age 62 years, median time post-stroke 22 months) with impaired upper extremity function after stroke were included in the study. METHODS Two physiotherapists sim...