BACKGROUND/AIMS To evaluate the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in reducing rebleeding and bleeding-related death rates after endoscopic gastric variceal obliteration (GVO) using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBC). METHODS This study enrolled 341 patients who were consecutively diagnosed with and treated for bleeding gastric varices. The patients were divided into PPI and non-PPI groups,...

Variceal hemorrhage is one of the major complications of liver cirrhosis associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Its management has evolved over the past decade and has substantially reduced the rate of first and recurrent bleeding while decreasing mortality. In general, treatment of esophageal varices can be divided into three categories: primary prophylaxis (prevention of first e...

Introduction In the United States, there are 250,000-300,000 hospital admissions and 15,000-30,000 deaths each year resulting from acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding NVUGIB.1 Peptic ulcer disease is the most prevalent source of NVUGIB accounting for 50% of all cases. The incidence of NVUGIB ranges from 48-160 cases per 100,000 adults yearly. Recent data suggest the mortality fro...

AIM To perform an updated meta-analysis comparing β-blockers (BB) with endoscopic variceal banding ligation (EVBL) in the primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding. MATERIAL AND METHODS Randomized controlled trials were identified through electronic databases, article reference lists and conference proceedings. Analysis was performed using both fixed-effect and random-effect models....

BACKGROUND Variceal bleeding is a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis with a high probability of recurrence. Treatment to prevent first bleeding or rebleeding is mandatory. AIM To provide an overview of the current knowledge on the best evidence-based therapeutic options to prevent first or recurrent bleeding from oesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS For the ...

Variceal bleeding is one of the major causes of death in cirrhotic patients. The management during the acute phase and the secondary prophylaxis is well defined. Recent recommendations (2015 Baveno VI expert consensus) are available and should be followed for an optimal management, which must be performed as an emergency in a liver or general intensive-care unit. It is based on the early admini...

Acute variceal bleeding is a life-threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension. Although overall survival may be improving, mortality is still closely related to failure to control hemorrhage or early re-bleeding. Factors that influence this failure include severity of liver disease and active bleeding during endoscopy. In addition increased portal pressure has been proposed as...

This retrospective study evaluated patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Singapore General Hospital for variceal bleeding in the year 2004. Improvement in outcome of variceal bleeding has been reported in the West. There is no regional data on this condition. This study aims to determine the characteristics and outcome of variceal bleeding in a tertiary hospital in Southeast ...

Liver cirrhosis is a defined liver disease with wide range of clinical manifestations. Variceal bleeding the main source gastrointestinal hemorrhage among cirrhotic patients induced by several factors, such as alcohol consumption or infections. This report patient presenting esophageal variceal in context COVID-19 infection. We case 53-year-old and multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma upper firs...