BACKGROUND Crush injury secondary to sjambok beatings is a well-described phenomenon in southern Africa. Owing to a number of factors, it can result in acute kidney injury (AKI). In 1992, Muckart et al. described a risk stratification system using venous bicarbonate (VB) that can be used in the management of these patients. OBJECTIVE To validate this score in the modern era of AKI risk strati...

Quantum mechanics has provided chemistry with two general theories, valence bond (VB) theory and molecular orbital (MO) theory. The two theories were developed at about the same time, but quickly diverged into rival schools that have competed, sometimes fervently, on charting the mental map and epistemology of chemistry. Three practitioners of MO and VB theory talk - fighting a little, trying t...

The concept of disjoint NBMOs in diradical alternant hydrocarbons (AHs) is reviewed and extended to diradical nonalternant hydrocarbons (nonAHs). A valence-bond (VB) method for recognizing disjoint versus nondisjoint NBMOs (nonbonding molecular orbitals) in diradicals is presented. When circumscribed with hexagonal rings, disjoint diradicals produce nonradical polycyclic successors and nondisjo...

Introduction. The female uterus and ovary are among the few normal tissues to undergo periodic angiogenic changes [1]. Using a primate model (rhesus macaque), we investigate the feasibility of DCE-MRI to quantify blood volume fraction (vb) and contrast reagent (CR) transendothelial permeability. The standard model with vb (SM2) [2] and the second generation “shutter-speed” model (SSM2) [3], are...

Vertebrobasilar (VB) territory transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) and minor strokes are perceived to have a better prognosis than carotid territory events, and are sometimes managed less aggressively. However, this notion stems mainly from a few small studies in the 1960s and 1970s, and has not been systematically tested. We therefore identified all published studies of prognosis after TIA or m...

INTRODUCTION Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVFs) can be the source of substantial pain and deformity, leading to disability and poor quality of life. In certain instances, percutaneous transpedicular vertebroplasty (PVP) is used in place of nonoperative therapy to treat OVFs. PVP typically consists of passing a 10to 15-gauge cannula percutaneously through each pedicle and inject...

PURPOSE We aimed to put forward the contribution of virtual bronchoscopy in the determination and diagnosis of tracheobronchial system pathologies. We compared the data obtained from PET/CT and virtual bronchoscopy (VB) with the fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) data of the cases with a diagnosis or pre-diagnosis of lung tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 261 (male=238, female=23) lung cance...

The palaeoclimate reconstruction problem is described as an example of inverse regression problems. In the reconstruction problem, past climate is inferred using pollen data. Modern data is used to build a regression model of how pollen responds to climate. The inverse problem is to infer climate from data on ancient pollen prevalence. The inverse inference presents a challenging and computatio...

To supervise and control the whole simulation of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model, a mixed language programming (MLP) method is particularly described that will not only take advantages of the Fortran’s strong computing power but also give full play to the Visual Basic’s (VB) flexible interface design and visualization capabilities. Then, a VBF SPH model with Model Monitoring Technol...