Three distinct 5' ends of ftsA mRNA were identified by S1 mapping and by primer extension analysis. These are thought to represent three transcription start sites. The transcripts from the downstream and upstream sites were detected throughout growth. The transcript from the middle site was not detected during exponential growth but was detected within 30 min of the start of sporulation, when i...

A single site mutant of Bacillus subtilis with a streptovaricin-resistant RNA polymerase has been isolated; this mutation caused temperature-sensitive sporulation, but had no effect on vegetative growth. The mutant (ts710) temperature-sensitive period irreversibly affected the middle and late stages of sporulation. Mutant cells grown at the nonpermissive temperature exhibited abnormal serine pr...

Redox activity was measured in vegetative and generative apical parts (5 mm of the stem) and youngest leaves of winter (cv. "G6rczański") and spring (cv. "Młochowski") rape. Both genotypes were cultured under the same growth conditions (17/15 degrees C day/night, 16 h photo-period), but winter rape was additionally vernalized (5/2 degrees C day/night, 56 days) in order to induce the generative ...

An important step during plant development is the transition from juvenile to adult growth. It is only after this transition that plants are reproductively competent. Given the great danger that transposon activity represents to the germ line, this may also be an important period during development with respect to transposon regulation and silencing. We demonstrate that a change in expression o...

Seasonal changes in photosynthesis of apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were monitored to examine the effect of source-sink interactions on photosynthesis and photorespiration. Elevated photosynthetic rates were observed during two periods of the growing season and correlated with the fruiting process. The first period of increased photosynthetic rates was during the bloom period, when spur ...

In the sub-tropics, water and nitrogen are the most important factors limiting the grain yield of maize. The effect of nitrogen (N) rates and drought stress at different growth stages of maize were investigated. Nitrogen treatments consisted of 100, 150, and 200  kgN.ha-1 from the urea source while water stress treatments were composed of irrigation-off since the early 10-leaf stage to emergenc...

We investigated the alteration in l-ascorbate (AsA, reduced form) content and the expression pattern of its related genes during the phase transition in Oncidium orchid. During the vegetative growth, a high H2O2 level was associated with a high content of the reduced form of AsA. During the bolting period, the AsA content and H2O2 level were greatly reduced in parallel with increased expression...