We extend our methodology for three-dimensional parameter structure and value estimation and apply it to a Vermont test site. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) cross-well travel times are inverted for estimation of heterogeneous GPR soil velocities before and after a controlled release of salt water in the unsaturated zone. The method, which is based on an approximation of the extended Kalman filt...

Observations and modeling of 3- to 6-hertz seismic shear waves trapped within the fault zone of the 1992 Landers earthquake series allow the fine structure and continuity of the zone to be evaluated. The fault, to a depth of at least 12 kilometers, is marked by a zone 100 to 200 meters wide where shear velocity is reduced by 30 to 50 percent. This zone forms a seismic waveguide that extends alo...

A numerical model used to simulate global convection and magnetic field generation in stars is described. Nonlmear, three-dimensional, time-dependent solutions of the anelastic magnetohydrodynamic equations are presented for a stratified, rotating, spherical, fluid shell heated from below. The velocity, magnetic field, and thermodynamic perturbations are expanded in spherical harmonics to resol...

[1] The fine-scale seismic structure of the central Mexico subduction zone is studied using moderate-sized (M4-6) intraslab earthquakes. Regional waveforms from the Mapping the Rivera Subduction Zone (MARS) seismic array are complicated and contain detailed information about the subduction zone structure, including evidence of lateral heterogeneity. This waveform information is used to model th...

[1] The zone of highest geodetically defined strain rate in California does not everywhere coincide with the surface trace of the San Andreas Fault (SAF). To determine whether this reflects the pattern of long‐term, permanent deformation, we analyzed the velocity field on swaths across the transform, located so as to avoid intersections among the major fault strands. Slip rates and flexural par...

Knowledge of the airflow distribution inside a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) can create a safe working environment for workers and machinery. The airflow quality and the related mass flow rate in the ventilation system should be sufficient to dilute gases and remove dust inside the tunnel. In this work, airflow distribution in the single shield TBM tunnel was studied using computational fluid dyn...

1. The electrical properties of the membrane of an identified locust motor neurone, the fast extensor tibiae in the metathoracic ganglion, have been investigated to determine: the distribution of excitable and inexcitable membrane; the impulse initiation zone; and the conduction velocity of the spike in the ganglion and in the axon. 2. The waveform of extracellularly recorded spikes indicates t...

This paper reports both the experimental application and 2-D simulation of ITP of proteins in a networked microfluidic chip. Experiments demonstrate that a mixture of three fluorescent proteins can be concentrated and stacked into adjacent zones of pure protein under a constant voltage of 100 V over a 2 cm long microchannel. Measurements of the isotachophoretic velocity of the moving zones demo...