Movements of the hyobranchial apparatus in reptiles and amphibians contribute to many behaviors including feeding, lung ventilation, buccopharyngeal respiration, thermoregulation, olfaction, defense and display. In a semi-aquatic turtle, Platysternon megacephalum, x-ray video and airflow measurements from blowhole pneumotachography show no evidence that above water hyobranchial movements contri...

Assisted mechanical ventilation (MV) may be a favorable alternative to controlled MV at the early phase of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), since it requires less sedation, no paralysis and is associated with less hemodynamic deterioration, better distal organ perfusion, and lung protection, thus reducing the risk of ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI). In the present review, we...

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB), with different types of respiratory tract involvements, has a high rate of mortality all around the world. Endobronchial involvement, which is a slightly common tuberculous infection, requires special attention due to its severe complications such as bronchostenosis. Aim of study of this study was describes, one type of pulmonary tuberculosis with less diagnosed...

conclusions it was found that avoiding routine pivotal expertise, increasing consciousness of the nonphysical aspects of patients while providing treatment and presenting exclusive care, utilizing experienced icu nurses, and placing more emphasis on effective communication with patients in order to honor them as human beings can all enhance the holistic quality of care. results the four main th...

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background: in iran, architectures are often unaware of the risk of radon inhalation and how to reduce radon levels. furthermore, radon considerations are not implemented in construction methods, construction materials and building utilization by regulatory authorities. materials and methods: in this study after reviewing the meteorological changes of ramsar over the past 50 years (1955-2005), ...

Prolonged mechanical ventilation results in diaphragmatic atrophy and contractile dysfunction in animals. We hypothesized that mechanical ventilation-induced diaphragmatic atrophy is associated with decreased synthesis of both mixed muscle protein and myosin heavy chain protein in the diaphragm. To test this postulate, adult rats were mechanically ventilated for 6, 12, or 18 hours and diaphragm...

A lumped two-compartment mathematical model of respiratory mechanics incorporating gas exchange and pulmonary circulation is utilized to analyze the effects of square, descending and ascending inspiratory flow waveforms during mechanical ventilation. The effects on alveolar volume variation, alveolar pressure, airway pressure, gas exchange rate, and expired gas species concentration are evaluat...

The purpose of this work was to quantify the redistribution of ventilation-weighted signal in the lungs of asthmatic subjects during a breath-hold using high temporal-spatial resolution hyperpolarized (HP) He-3 MRI. HP He-3 MRI was used to obtain time-resolved, volumetric images of lung ventilation during breath-hold in 39 human subjects classified as either healthy/nondiseased (n = 14), mild-t...