A 31-year-old man presented with a ruptured right extracranial vertebral artery aneurysm associated with neurofibromatosis type 1, manifesting as acute onset of right neck and shoulder pain, and right supraclavicular mass. Three-dimensional computed tomography angiography showed a large aneurysm involving the right extracranial vertebral artery associated with a pseudoaneurysm. The aneurysm was...

Bow Hunter's syndrome is an unusual symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency resulting from intermittent mechanical compression of the vertebral artery, and is rarely a trigger for cerebral infarction following thrombus formation on the damaged endothelial vessels (Bow Hunter's stroke). The authors present an extremely rare case of a 45-year-old man showing Bow Hunter's stroke due to congenita...

Central sleep apnea (CSA), also known as Ondine's curse (OC), is a phenomenon characterized by episodes of repeated apnea during sleep due to disorders of the central nervous system. We report a patient with CSA/OC due to right dorsolateral medullary and bilateral cerebellar infarctions that occurred in the clinical setting of right vertebral artery stenosis. Polysomnography (PSG) showed repeat...

BACKGROUND Ten randomly selected adult cadaveric specimens were dissected to analyse the anatomy of the vertebral artery during its course from the C3 transverse process to its entry into the spinal dural canal at the level of C1. In addition, 10 dry cadaveric C1-C2 bones were studied. The course of the artery and the parameters relevant during surgery in the region are evaluated. METHODS Ten...

Neurological manifestation may complicate Takayasu arteritis (TA). A 23-year-old girl with sudden onset of vision loss was admitted to hospital. Her brain MRI showed abnormal T2-signal hyperintensity and visual evoked potential revealed prolonged P100 latency. Consequently, optic neuritis was diagnosed. A review on history of dizziness, falling, and weak pulses of upper extremities led to more ...

A 52-year-old man with massive hemoptysis underwent a left upper lobectomy. He suddenly reported a severe headache and lost consciousness on postoperative day 4. Computed tomography of the brain demonstrated a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to right vertebral artery dissection. Fortunately, he recovered well with intensive neurosurgical treatment. Vertebral artery dissection sometimes develops fol...

Yeonsil Moon*, Seol-Heui Han*, † Department of Neurology*, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul; Center for Geriatric Neuroscience Research, Institute of Biomedical Science†, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea Vertebral artery dissection is one of the most common causes of stroke in young adults. The course of the vertebral artery dissection is usually benign, and pure transient amnesia as an i...

Traumatic pseudoaneurysms of the vertebral artery (VA) are uncommon vascular lesions and definitive management is often challenging. Between 0% and 8% of craniocervical fusions are complicated by VA injury. In these cases, preserving the vertebral artery while treating the pseudoaneurysm is the goal of any treatment option. We describe the second known case of a patient with and iatrogenic extr...

Death due to giant cell arteritis (GCA) is rare, and is usually caused by coronary or vertebral arteritis in the acute phase of the disease. A case of fatal GCA is reported in a woman with a normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate, who had been treated for temporal arteritis for eight months. Post mortem examination showed a dissection and thrombosis of the intracranial portion of the left verteb...

A 77-year-old man presented with 2 episodes of waking up with symptoms of vertebrobasilar ischemia (figure, A and B) within 6 months. A CT angiogram showed narrowing of the right vertebral artery due to extrinsic compression by an osteophyte of the superior articular process of the fourth cervical vertebra, compromising the foramen transversarium (figure, C and D). Dynamic angiography demonstra...