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general concept and major emphasis on off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (opcab) is maintaining quality of care and patient safety while reducing cost and resource utilization. opcab probably avoids the potential complications of cardiopulmonary bypass. however its acceptance depends on clinical and economic outcome. the aim of this study is to compare clinical and economic outcome of off-...

We propose an efficient coherent power scaling scheme, the multichip vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL), in which the waste heat generated in the active region is distributed on multi-VECSEL chips such that the pump level at the thermal rollover is significantly increased. The advantages of this laser are discussed, and the development and demonstration of a two-chip VECSE...

The goal of this project was to increase the power of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers and to convert their wavelength into the blue/ultraviolet and the infrared for sensing applications. We have increased the power to the multi-watt level and have generated several milliwatts of blue light using optical pumping. Electrical pump has been less successful, but we have identified the proble...

are maintained. If the etching depth is equal to an integral number of half-wavelengths, uniformly high reflectivity across the active L. Fan, M.C. Wu, H.C. Lee and P. Grodzinski . mesa is achieved. The top electrodes which simultaneously pump the phase-shifted and non-phase-shifted region are then deposited by evaporation and lift-off processes. Fig. 2 shows the scanning electron micrograph (S...

We apply the modal coherence theory to evaluate the spatial mode structure of a 2×2 phase-coupled array of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs). The eigenmode structure is extracted for different pump currents by measuring the degree of spatial coherence of all VCSEL pairs in the array. The results reveal the impact of optical disorder and spatial hole burning on the modal discrimin...

The weakly nonlinear in-plane free vibrations of a single suspended cable, or a coupled system of suspended cables, may be classified as gravity modes (no tension variations to leading order) and elasto-gravity modes (tension and vertical displacement equally important). The gravity mode (probably the most common type of vibration of relatively inelastic spans) does not exist for particular val...

Growing interest has developed in acoustic studies about the abundance and distributional patterns of the suspended matter, such as plankton and sediments, that act as sound scatterers for Broadband Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler measurements. Supported by careful calibration procedures, acoustic studies using vertical profiles of echo intensity from moored or vessel-mounted Broadband ADCPs ...