Education researchers often disagree about the best ways to improve student achievement. The difficulty of designing, conducting, and analyzing experiments means that there is often a dearth of empirical data to support or refute ideas. To design and conduct a simple randomized controlled experiment to compare two different ways of teaching requires a great deal of effort by a teacher or a rese...

Despite some skeptics, most foreign language teachers, especially those of English as a Foreign Language (EFL)/English Second (ESL), advocate Communicative Teaching (CLT) and have long been conducting student-centered communicative activities in their classrooms. This paper argues that CLT is generally ineffective teaching quiet students with little motivation. In the context Malay language, it...

Faster than real time simulation concepts are nowadays applied in multidisciplinary areas. Interaction between the real world and the simulation model is performed in real time, so that information obtained from each system is used to enhance our knowledge of the other. Even if such capabilities prove to be useful for real time applications, dealing with the requirements imposed is only accompl...

This paper provides a procedural guide for marketing academics interested in applying quasi-experimental methods. We outline the various types of econometric methods, lay out an etiquette, and describe a number of examples of related research by marketing scholars. We discuss three steps: identifying the research question, outlining the identification strategy, and understanding the mechanism. ...