To the Editor: We read with great interest the article by Xynos et al. reporting 2 cases of leishmaniasis in patients treated with biologic drugs (1). Although we agree with most of the article, we are not totally convinced that serologic analysis alone could be used to screen for leishmaniasis before initiation of biologic or immunosuppressive treatments. Evidence indicates that serologic anal...

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected disease that affects between 50,000 and 90,000 new cases annually worldwide. In Brazil, VL causes about 3500 cases/per year. This chronic can lead to death in 90% of untreated cases. Thus, it necessary study safe technologies for diagnosing, treating, controlling VL. Specialized laboratories carry out the diagnosis, this step has significant automation...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a well known public health problem in eastern parts of India. So far the cases have not been reported from Malwa plateu of Madhya Pradesh, to the best of our knowledge and available literature. We report here two cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis first time from the Malwa region. Both the cases are from the migratory population of Bihar. The diseases like Leishmania...

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a major health problem in Bihar, India. The disease is caused by a protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the established vector Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) in India. P. argentipes transmits viral and bacterial pathogens. Nematodes were isolated from the body of P. argentpes for the first time in India. Its role as pathogen is ...

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a systemic disease endemic in tropical countries and transmitted through sand flies. In particular, Canis familiaris (or domesticated dogs) are believed to be a major urban reservoir for the parasite causing the disease Leishmania. The average number of human VL cases was 58 per year in the state of Sergipe. The city of Aracaju, capital of Sergipe in Northeastern ...

BACKGROUND Since 1900s, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been among the most important health problems in Sudan, particularly in the endemic areas such as eastern and central regions. METHODS This was a cross sectional, hospital-based study conducted from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015 to investigate the epidemiological factors of VL in Gadarif hospital, eastern Sudan. RESULTS During...

OBJECTIVES Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is endemic in Brazil and appears to occur in epidemic form in the state of Ceará. Few epidemiologic studies have been done on VL in this state. The aim of this study is to establish the epidemiologic pattern of VL in Fortaleza City and to show how urbanization has occurred in recent years. METHODS Data were obtained from the State Health Department of Fo...

An epidemiological dataset of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) will be spatially analysed. Parsimonious models involving established transmission factors, migration and regional differences will be used to try to describe the reported epidemic cycles of VL. VL has been modelled relatively little and the use of stochastic individual-based models (IBMs) with spatial structure and seasonal migration in...

25 Abstract Aims: To study visceral leishmaniasis (VL) trends in Malta. Methods: Analysis of epidemiological and clinical trends, a veterinary questionnaire and questioning a canine laboratory testing facility. Results: A decline in VL in the past 25 years (1980-2005) was noted for both paediatric (p<0.001) and adult (p=0.002) populations. No seasonal variation in infection rates was found. Ser...

UNLABELLED Leishmania donovani is an intracellular protozoan parasite that causes leishmaniasis, which can range from a self-healing cutaneous disease to a fatal visceral disease depending on the infecting species. Miltefosine is currently the latest and only oral antileishmanial that came out of drug discovery pipelines in the past few decades, but recent reports indicate a significant decline...