The present paper considers an optical spatial channel in visible light communication (VLC) using LED and a highspeed camera. In general, the optical spatial channel affects the communication performance. However, the previous studies have not enough discussed the channel for VLC. This study focuses on the communication distance, which is one of channel parameters, and investigates the relation...

Accurate and timely detection of plant diseases can help mitigate the worldwide losses experienced by the horticulture and agriculture industries each year. Thermal imaging provides a fast and non-destructive way of scanning plants for diseased regions and has been used by various researchers to study the effect of disease on the thermal profile of a plant. However, thermal image of a plant aff...

A borylnitrene, accessible from the corresponding azide by UV photolysis in a solid D(2) matrix at 3 K, inserts into D(2) upon visible light irradiation under cryogenic conditions.

Introduction Nanotechnology is the creation and utilization of materials, devices and systems through the control of the properties and structure of matter at the nanometric scale. Nanobiotechnology is a new and exciting field of research, in which recent advances in nanotechnology are integrated into the biology realm, in particular into molecular biology and cell biology. ‘Nano’ usually refer...

A low-cost field goniometer was constructed for multiangular reflectance measurements using a spectral radiometer. The goniometer consists of a circular base made of plywood approximately 4 m in diameter. A rotating arch carries a sled with the radiometer, which can be positioned at any angle relative to the test object at the center of the goniometer. Data from the radiometer are downloaded to...