Gauge fixing seems to be crucial to identify the relevant degrees of freedom for confinement. In the vortex theory of confinement these degrees of freedom are bi-dimensional objects carrying flux quantized in elements of the center of the group. Center gauge fixing, a gauge fixing prescription having a remaining ZN freedom, is needed to identify these objects. In this paper we study how Laplaci...

Neurons in the ventrolateral medulla (VLM) and in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) play important roles in the regulation of cardiovascular and other autonomic functions. In the present study, we demonstrate an inhibition of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis evoked by activation of neurons in the VLM, as well as by neurons in the intermediate NTS, of chloralose/urethane-anesthetized,...

We present numerical evidence that supports the theory of quark confinement based on center vortex condensation. We introduce a special gauge (“maximal center gauge”) and center projection, suitable for identification of center vortices. Main focus is then put on the connection of vortices in center projection to “confiners” in full, unprojected gauge-field configurations. Topics briefly discus...

Three dimensional SU (2) lattice gauge theory is studied after eliminating thin monopoles and the smallest thick monopoles. Kinematically this constraint allows the formation of thick vortex loops which produce Z(2) fluctuations at longer length scales. The thick vortex loops are identified in a three dimensional simulation. A condensate of thick vortices persists even after the thin vortices h...

In the Planck aether substratum model it is assumed that space is densely filled with both positive and negative Planck masses described by a nonlinear nonrelativistic operator field equation. Without expenditure of energy this substratum can form a lattice of vortex rings, with the vortex core radius equal the Planck length. The vortex ring radius is determined by a universal minimum energy qu...

Visceral larva migrans (VLM) syndrome is a clinical manifestation of systemic organ involvement by Toxocara species. VLM with involvement of the bladder and liver is a rare finding. A 62-year-old woman presented with diffuse bladder wall thickening and multiple liver masses with peripheral eosinophilia and urinary symptoms. We considered malignancy or eosinophilic cystitis through clinical mani...