Advancements in membrane systems indicate that they will soon be robust enough to concentrate weak black liquor. To date, the economic impact of on brownstock washing kraft mills has not been studied and is necessary understand viability these emerging their best utilization. This study investigated savings a system can generate related washing. We found evaporation costs are primary barrier fo...

In the present study, frame robustness is enhanced by improving contribution of bolts to rotational capacity connections; higher bolts' elongation, that can be achieved. The proposed method comprises a hollow steel sleeve, with predetermined wall curvature, inserted between washer and end plate interrupting load path in connection thus enabling more ductile response. order demonstrate efficacy ...