Municipal Experience with "Pay-As-You-Throw" Policies: Findings From a National Survey Based on a large, nationally representative sample of cities with recycling programs, this study examines whether a Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) pricing policy for solid waste collection and disposal service is an incentive for households to change their waste disposal and recycling behaviors. The study finds that...

What makes recycling work? We study the factors driving household waste disposal and recycling in 18 cities in Taiwan and Japan in order to understand the impact of alternative waste management incentives. We show that this depends on the effect of distinct policies on the relative costs of the main alternative disposal methods: recycling, disposal to landfill and illegal dumping. The willingne...

en c= m m — < m The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (lVIPP) is the first operational repository designed for the safe disposal of transuranic(TRU) radioactive \vastefrom the defense programs of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for certifications and regulation of the WIPP facility for the radioactive components of the waste. The EPA ...

This article describes the evolution of the process for assessing the hazards of a geologic disposal system for radioactive waste and, similarly, nuclear power reactors, and the relationship of this process with other assessments of risk, particularly assessments of hazards from manufactured carcinogenic chemicals during use and disposal. This perspective reviews the common history of scientifi...

In terms of the Integrated Waste Management approach, progressive authorities are making concerted efforts to reduce the amount of waste that goes to their landfills for final disposal. Notwithstanding this, waste disposal by landfill remains the way in which almost all waste in African and other developing counties is currently disposed. This is also the case in many developed countries. Conse...

This paper provides a general overview of solid waste data and management practices employed in Turkey during the last decade. Municipal solid waste statistics and management practices including waste recovery and recycling initiatives have been evaluated. Detailed data on solid waste management practices including collection, recovery and disposal, together with the results of cost analyses, h...

Fuel cycle cost of a fast reactor is expected to play an important role of compensating for higher capital cost of a Fast Reactor and keeping the unit energy cost competitive. PFBR fuel cycle cost has been worked out by a committee constituted for the purpose. The cost has been worked out for a peak fuel burn-up of 1,00,000 MWd/t. The basic components of the PFBR fuel cycle are fabrication cost...

The trillions of cigarette butts generated each year throughout the world pose a significant challenge for disposal regulations, primarily because there are millions of points of disposal, along with the necessity to segregate, collect and dispose of the butts in a safe manner, and cigarette butts are toxic, hazardous waste. There are some hazardous waste laws, such as those covering used tyres...

he topic of radioactive waste generates debate, both publicly and scientifically. Like chemical and other hazardous waste, radioactive waste needs to be dealt with to ensure its safety and its security. Proper management and disposal of most forms of radioactive waste is technically straightforward. A robust safety regime has been developed internationally for managing and disposing of radioact...