Catalytic pyrolysis behavior of synthesized microporous catalysts (conventional Zeolite Socony Mobil–5 (C-ZSM-5), highly uniform nanocrystalline ZSM-5 (HUN-ZSM-5) and β-zeolite), Mesoporous catalysts (highly hydrothermally stable Al-MCM-41 with accessible void defects (Al-MCM-41(hhs)), Kanemite-derived folded silica (KFS-16B) and well-ordered Al-SBA-15 (Al-SBA-15(wo)) were studied with waste po...

The kraft process is applied to wood chips for separation of lignin from the polysaccharides within lignocellulose for pulp that will produce a high quality paper. Black liquor is a pulping waste generated by the kraft process that has potential for downstream bioconversion. However, the recalcitrant nature of the lignocellulose resources, its chemical derivatives that constitute the majority o...

Emerging contaminants are distributed in to the environment from various anthropogenic activities. These Emerging contaminants (ECs) are mainly composed of products, such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), surfactants, plasticizers, pesticides etc. The present conventional system of waste treatment are not designed to treat these contaminants. Complex structure of these pollutan...

Many publications show that macrophages are closely involved in etiology of diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, arteriosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies show that waste products (e.g. dead cells, denatured proteins, oxidized lipids, and advanced glycation end-products) are the real causative agents of lifestyle-associated diseases. From the standpoint of health maintenance, mac...

Manure, an animal waste product with many negative economic and environmental issues, can today be converted using anaerobic digestion technology into a number of commercial products ranging from fertilizer, compost, animal bedding, and plant bedding. A number of new uses are now being explored such as bioenergy (both electrical and biofuel) and a lignocellulose-rich potential feedstock for eng...

Environment fortification must require the use of natural products instead of chemicals to minimize pollution. The detoxification of metal pollutants from wastewater by the development of biomaterials having higher affinity, capacity and selectivity had been found to be as an alternative over conventional technologies that were often inadequate to reduce concentrations in wastewater to acceptab...

A biofilter was used to treat air polluted with ethylbenzene. Macadamia nutshells, which are a cheap waste product in Thailand, were chosen as the packing material for the biofilter. The moisture content (6.6 w%), water holding capacity (16.8 w%), nutshell density (1.3 g ml) and organic content (78.0 w%) of the macadamia nutshell were measured. The biofilter was operated during 5 months, in whi...

Photobiological production of H2 by cyanobacteria is considered to be an ideal source of renewable energy because the inputs, water and sunlight, are abundant. The products of photobiological systems are H2 and O2; the H2 can be used as the energy source of fuel cells, etc., which generate electricity at high efficiencies and minimal pollution, as the waste product is H2O. Overall, production o...

The technical principles and practices of the civil nuclear industry are described with particular reference to fission and its products, natural and artificial radioactivity elements principally concerned and their relationships, main types of reactor, safety issues, the fuel cycle, waste management, issues related to weapon proliferation, environmental considerations and possible future devel...

We have developed a simple, scalable, transfer-free, ecologically sustainable, value-added method to convert inexpensive coal tar pitch to patterned graphene films directly on device substrates. The method, which does not require an additional transfer process, enables direct growth of graphene films on device substrates in large area. To demonstrate the practical applications of the graphene f...