The lack of access to clean water remains a severe issue all over the world. Coupling photocatalysis with the membrane separation process, which is known as a photocatalytic membrane reactor (PMR), is promising for water treatment. PMR has developed rapidly during the last few years, and this paper presents an overview of the progress in the configuration and operational parameters of PMRs. Two...

The flow through a unit of a drinking water treatment plant is one of the most important parameters in terms of a unit’s effectiveness. In the present paper, a new EPAnet library is presented with the typical hydraulic elements for drinking water treatment processes well abstraction, rapid sand filtration and cascade and tower aeration. Using this treatment step library, a hydraulic model was s...

An intermittent aerator was newly developed to reduce energy costs in a flat-sheet ceramic membrane bioreactor (MBR) for industrial wastewater treatment. Large air bubbles were supplied over short time interval by the improved technology at bottom of membrane. Performance tests carried out pilot system with two cassettes immersed tank 1-MGD demonstration plant Jurong Water Reclamation Plant (JW...

Stepped chute flows are characterised by intense turbulence and strong flow aeration (Fig. 1), but most studies did not investigate the turbulence characteristics. Detailed air-water flow properties were measured in skimming flow on a stepped chute (θ = 16o, h = 0.05 m). Longitudinal oscillations of depth-averaged flow properties were observed with a wave length of about two step cavity lengths...

Abstract Samples of raw waste water is taken from the municipal sewer Sumail district in Iraqi Kurdistan region and submitted to primary treatment by aeration evaluate their validity for irrigation potential health risks associated with this treated wastewater, Result revealed, (BOD) improved mechanical aeration, (COD) not enough bring it safe ranges. Ammonia NH 4 reduced 24 18 mg/L as converte...