Pain is a highly subjective experience that is difficult to measure objectively due to its varied expression. It is defined as a complex sensory-emotional experience, it is modulated by cognitive factors and involves a broad neural system. Functional neuroimaging has helped to define that neural circuit involved in the perception, modulation and response to painful experience, both in healthy c...

The term trust management suggests that trust can be managed, for example by creating trust, by assessing trustworthiness, or by determining optimal decisions based on specific levels of trust. The problem to date is that trust management in online environments is a diverse and ill defined discipline. In fact, the term trust management is being used with very different meanings in different con...

Man is the only known definitive host of the tapeworm Taenia solium and becomes a carrier by eating undercooked pork contaminated with “Cysticercus cellulosae” (cysticerci). Pigs act as intermediate host and acquire cysticercosis by ingestion of eggs or proglottids from human feces, which develop into cysticerci within tissue mostly without causing clinical symptoms in the host. Cysticercosis o...

Imagine your life as a huge flat canvas. Colorless, empty. Dull as ditchwater. Then start playing with it. Put in some undulations, mountains – hard to cross, but with great views from the top. Put in some rivers and seas – dangerous but nourishing and full of adventure. Put in some light and shade, that give shape to the day. Put in some dampness and dry areas, that give seasonal texture. Add ...

Onychomycosis is a fungal infection involving the nail unit. Distal lateral subungal onychomycosis (DLSO) is the most common subtype and usually results from untreated tinea pedis. Once fungus has invaded the nail unit, it can be a challenge to treat. Though onychomycosis has been historically viewed as a cosmetic concern, treating this disease is important due to potential complications, espec...

Current statistical machine translation systems handle the translation process as the transformation of a string of symbols into another string of symbols. Normally the symbols dealt with are the words in different languages, sometimes with some additional information included, like morphological data. In this work we try to push the approach to the limit, working not on the level of words, but...

Trachoma is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Although it disappeared long ago from Western Europe and the United States, trachoma is still as endemic as ever in parts of Africa, the Middle East, Australia, and South East Asia. Ocular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis cause repeated episodes of conjunctivitis in children. In teenagers and adults, the disease progresses throug...

In this concluding essay I shall try to reconstruct what seem to me the central questions about trust that the individual contributions presented in this volume raise and partly answer. In the first section, I briefly qualify the claim that there is a degree of rational cooperation that should but does not exist, and I shall give a preliminary indication of the importance of the beliefs we hold...