now a day winter cover crops planting has been attended to reduce herbicide application. an experiment was carried out at the research farm of agriculture faculty, bu- ali sina, university, in 2009. the experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications. the trial included of five treatments consists of no cover crop, rye, winter oilseed rape, barley and triticale. the re...

in order to evaluate the interference effect natural population weeds and plant density, an experiment with randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with 4 replications was conducted in 2006 in a field experiment at ramin agricultural and natural resources university, khouzestan. treatments included two factor, plant density of corn at three levels (4, 7 and 10 plants m-2) and ...

a field experiment was conducted to study the spatial relationships between weed seed bank and population and their distribution models in sugar beet crop (beta vulgaris) in 2009 at motahari  agricultural research station of karaj. sampling from seed bank before sugar beet drilling and weed population in three stages during the growing season were done using square (50*50 cm) and rectangle (25*...

Background: Because of geographic variation and regional types of allergens, it is recommended that allergists identify common allergens in their area of activity. In the present study, the prevalence of respiratory allergens in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis was investigated. Methods: This study is descriptive and retrospective. The required data of this study were extracted from ...

1.17 The drudgery of weeding is so ingrained into the lives of farmers in developing countries that weeds are taken for granted and often overlooked in pest surveys. And yet weeding by hand, typically carried out by women and children, accounts for 50% of the total labour inputs needed to produce a crop, deprives millions of children the joys of playtime – and often schooling – and adds to the ...

Increased soybean seed cost in recent years has generated interest in reducing seeding rates to maintain consistent economic returns. However, low seeding rates result in reduced established plant stands with slower canopy development, and canopy development is touted as an important element of integrated weed management (IWM). IWM practices have become even more important to slow the developme...

Imazethapyr is a broad spectrum herbicide used as early post-emergence in pulses, oilseeds and leguminous crops. Imazethapyr is an imidazole compound used as a selective herbicide. The compound controls weeds by reducing the levels of three branched-chain aliphatic amino acids, isoleucine, leucine and valine, through the inhibition of aceto-lactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme common to the biosyn...

An improved Invasive weed optimization (IWO) based on hybrid genetic (HGIWO) is presented. In the new arithmetic, the inertial weight is adaptively adjusted to improve the convergence speed. The weeds are multiples by the selection and hybridization of genetic arithmetic. The import of hybrid genes improves excellent performance of weeds and reduces likelihood on getting into local optimization...

farming organic vegetable and crops have grown as a market desiring commodity. weed control in farms has been costly and laborous and it has always been hard to achieve a proper weeding. a few chemicals are commonly applied in organic farming. thermal weeding with flame burners seems a good solution; however, it has its own drawbacks, such as; damaging the main crops, low performance, being inf...

understanding the spatial distribution of weeds would provide good results for the commercial applications of future research programs, development forecast desirable of yield loss and understanding the processes that cause changes in spatial and temporal distribution weeds. in this order an experiment was conducted in 1388 to find the effects of biological interactions, climate and agricultura...