Recently, diagnoses of and operations for medial orbital blowout fracture have increased because of the development of imaging technology. In this article, the authors review the literature, and overview the accumulated knowledge about the orbital anatomy, fracture mechanisms, surgical approaches, reconstruction materials, and surgical methods. In terms of surgical approaches, transcaruncular, ...

this paper presents results analyses of specific potential blowout scenarios for subsea oilpipelines between the coast of mainland of iran and khark island in the persian gulf. the analyses have been carried out with the sintef oil spill contingency and response (oscar) 3-dimensional model system.some hypothetical three-day blowout scenarios with light and heavy iranian oil have been investigat...

The transition to magnetic-field self-generation in a turbulent, electrically conducting fluid is shown to exhibit intermittent bursting characterized by distinct scaling laws. This behavior is predicted on the basis of prior analysis of a type of bifurcation (called a blowout bifurcation) occurring in chaotic systems with an invariant phase space submanifold. The predicted scalings are shown t...

Reliability analysis of the electrical control system of a subsea blowout preventer (BOP) stack is carried out based on Markov method. For the subsea BOP electrical control system used in the current work, the 3-2-1-0 and 3-2-0 input voting schemes are available. The effects of the voting schemes on system performance are evaluated based on Markov models. In addition, the effects of failure rat...