Ocean winds in the Baltic Sea are expected to power many wind farms in the coming years. This study examines satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images from Envisat ASAR for mapping wind resources with high spatial resolution. Around 900 collocated pairs of wind speed from SAR wind maps and from 10 meteorological masts, established specifically for wind energy in the study area, are compar...

For the future installation of a wind farm in Cameroon, the wind energy potentials of three of Cameroon's coastal cities (Kribi, Douala and Limbe) are assessed using NASA average monthly wind data for 31 years (1983-2013) and compared through Weibull statistics. The Weibull parameters are estimated by the method of maximum likelihood, the mean power densities, the maximum energy carrying wind s...

The development of science and technology has made people's quality life better better, the mature use electricity lives more convenient faster. However, this also led to a drastic increase in non-renewable energy such as coal oil. In 2021, about 4,108 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) (or 4.11 trillion kWh) were generated at utility-scale generation facilities United States, 546 million short tons ...

A systematic analysis of green-house gases emission (carbon footprint) and primary energy consumption (energy footprint) of prefabricated industrial buildings during their entire life cycle is presented. The life cycle assessment (LCA) study was performed in a cradle-to grave approach: site-specific data from an Italian company, directly involved in all the phases from raw material manufacturin...

Using hybrid renewable energy is one of the best alternatives to supply the electrical energy at remote areas. Renewable energy sources are depended to weather conditions or other factors, so for supplying load with renewable sources appropriate capacity of these sources should be selected. In determining the capacity of renewable energy such as wind and solar, considering the stochastic nature...

In this paper agent-based simulation is used to analyse the efficiency of domestic heating based on a heatpump together with photovoltaic (PV) solar energy production. A simulation model for the cost (in terms of required kWh per day) of a heating agent based on a heatpump over a year is used, in addition to a simulation model for the yields of a PV production agent estimating the produced sola...

one of the main problems in wind energy conversion system (wecs) is how to achieve maxim­u­m output power in different wind speeds. maximum methods for maximum power point tracking in wind energy conversion syst­e­ms require the knowledge of system characteristics and mechanic sensors. so, using these methods practically will follow with high price and an abundant difficulties. in this paper, n...

the purpose of this study was to estimate relative potential hazards to birds and bats from wind developments in texas. we compiled lists of rare, threatened, or endangered species, along with their respective ranges in texas. using a geographic information system (gis), we calculated a potential hazard index (phi) for 31 bird and ten bat species based upon the percentage of known or observed ...

In this work, we present a feasibility study for new hybrid power plant (PV-Wind-Diesel-Storage) directly connected to the electrical grid. Several simulations are performed verify performance of system under different scenarios using real meteorological data. It is shown that performances network depend obviously on available energy resources and constraints because renewable energies intermit...

Renewable energy resources and efficiency measures are effective means of curtailing CO2 emissions. Solar wind technologies have been mostly developed to meet the demand off-grid remote areas or locations without grid connections. However, it is well-known that power generation these affected by daily fluctuations seasonal variability. One way mitigate such an effect incorporate hydrokinetic in...