Warning (aposematic) and cryptic colorations appear to be mutually incompatible because the primary function of the former is to increase detectability, whereas the function of the latter is to decrease it. Disruptive coloration is a type of crypsis in which the color pattern breaks up the outline of the prey, thus hindering its detection. This delusion can work even when the prey's pattern ele...

ER GI A N ew s vo l. 4 nr 2 • 2 00 1 9 A rapidly accessible new source of woodfuel for local people could be the small patches of eucalyptus planted by Kinyara on their estate in areas not suitable for sugarcane. Originally these trees were planted to discourage illegal homes being built on the land. Using them as woodfuel would give them a more positive function. Furthermore, government polici...

The mathematical model of the distribution of deformation-relaxation and heat-mass fields in capillary-porous materials with fractal structure in the process of drying wood is regarded in the article. We used differential equations in partial derivatives of fractional order in description of this model. To describe the creep of wood fractional exponential Rabotnov’s function was used. The numer...

Although many outlets are available for the utilization of wood fines, economical disposal of sawdust, shavings, and waste chips remains a problem of growing concern to the wood industry. This report summarizes current uses for wood residues and provides sources of further information on available outlets, processing methods, and economic considerations. USES FOR SAWDUST, SHAVINGS, AND WASTE CHIPS

Laboratory and pilot-plant composting of garbage mixtures of newspaper and vegetable waste has demonstrated that garbage can be converted to a medium that produces mushrooms (Agaricus campestris) in good yield. Sewage sludge was less satisfactory than newspaper, gumwood sawdust, or vegetable waste as a compost material for growing mushrooms. A sample of commercially produced compost was found t...