The third-order nonlinear dispersion PDE, as the key model, (0.1) ut = (uux)xx in R × R+, is studied. Two Riemann’s problems for (0.1) with initial data S∓(x) = ∓signx, create the shock (u(x, t) ≡ S−(x)) and smooth rarefaction (for data S+) waves, [18]. The concept of “δ-entropy” solutions (a“δ-entropy test”) and others are developed for distinguishing shock and rarefaction waves by using stabl...

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We study incentive provision in a model of securities issuance with an informed issuer and uninformed investors. We show that the presence of an informed intermediary may increase surplus even if we allow for collusion between the intermediary and the issuer. Collusion is neutralized by introducing a misalignment between the interests of the issuer and those of the intermediary. To achieve this...

ion refinement techniques in probabilistic model checking are prominent approaches to the verification of very large or infinite-state probabilistic concurrent systems. At the core of the refinement step lies the implicit or explicit analysis of a counterexample. This paper proposes an abstraction refinement approach for the probabilistic computation tree logic (PCTL), which is based on increme...

We diagonalize the XX model with a finite number of spins and periodic boundary conditions. We solve for the ground state, focus on the rapidity of the convergence to the thermodynamic limit and study the features of multipartite entanglement.

To investigate whether sex chromosome complement modulates bradycardic baroreflex response and contributes to the angiotensin II-bradycardic baroreflex sex differences, we used the four core genotype mouse model in which the effect of gonadal sex and sex chromosome complement is dissociated, allowing comparisons of sexually dimorphic traits among XX and XY females, as well as in XX and XY males...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to search for a possible association of low bone mineral density (bMD) with the PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor (Er) gene in bulgarian women. DESIGN 400 bulgarian women participated in this study. bMD was measured at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and at the distal forearm. two groups were identified: women with normal bMD at both cent...

The Hall resistivity xy , resistivity xx , and magnetization of three metallic ferromagnets are investigated as a function of magnetic field and temperature. The three ferromagnets, EuFe4Sb12 Tc 84 K , Yb14MnSb11 Tc 53 K , and Eu8Ga16Ge30 Tc 36 K are Zintl compounds with carrier concentrations between 1 1021 and 3.5 1021 cm−3. The relative decrease in xx below Tc xx Tc / xx 2 K is 28, 6.5, and ...

We show that, at low temperatures, macroscopic inhomogeneities of the electron density in the interior of a finite sample cause a reduction in the measured conductivity peak heights σ max xx compared to the universal values previously predicted for infinite homogeneous samples. This effect is expected to occur for the conductivity peaks measured in standard experimental geometries such as the H...

Three different models of MF1 strain mice were studied to measure the effects of gonadal secretions and sex chromosome type and number on body weight and composition, and on related metabolic variables such as glucose homeostasis, feeding, and activity. The 3 genetic models varied sex chromosome complement in different ways, as follows: 1) "four core genotypes" mice, comprising XX and XY gonada...