Color dropout refers to the process of converting color form documents to black and white by removing the colors that are part of the blank form and maintaining only the information entered in the form. In this paper, no prior knowledge of the form type is assumed. Color dropout is performed by associating darker non-dropout colors with information that is entered in the form and needs to be pr...

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a master regulator of cellular adaptation to hypoxia and has been suggested as a potent therapeutic target in cerebral ischemia. Here we show in an ischemic stroke model of rats that inhibiting HIF-1 and its downstream genes by 3-(5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1) significantly increases mortality and enlarges infarct volume evaluated by MR...

Nuclear Factor-Kappa B [NFκB] activation triggers the elevation of various pro-angiogenic factors that contribute to the development and progression of diabetic vasculopathies. It has been demonstrated that vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] activates NFκB signaling pathway. Under the ischemic microenvironments, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 [HIF-1] upregulates the expression of several pro...

We derive various solutions for the gauge field and the gaugino when there are both 5D bulk kinetic terms and 4D brane kinetic terms. Below the compactification scale 1/yc, gauge interaction by the massless mode is universal, independent of the locations of sources, but above 1/yc, the interaction distinguishes their locations. We consider the S/(Z2 × Z ′ 2) orbifold compactification, in which ...

Vertebrate eyes are known to contain circadian clocks, however, the intracellular mechanisms regulating the retinal clockwork remain largely unknown. To address this, we generated a cell line (hRPE-YC) from human retinal pigmental epithelium, which stably co-expressed reporters for molecular clock oscillations (Bmal1-luciferase) and intracellular Ca2+ concentrations (YC3.6). The hRPE-YC cells d...

Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) is a heterotrimeric transcription factor that binds CCAAT elements. The NF-Y trimer is composed of a Histone Fold Domain (HFD) dimer (NF-YB/NF-YC) and NF-YA, which confers DNA sequence specificity. NF-YA shares a conserved domain with the CONSTANS, CONSTANS-LIKE, TOC1 (CCT) proteins. We show that CONSTANS (CO/B-BOX PROTEIN1 BBX1), a master flowering regulator, forms a tr...

The transcription factor NF-Y consists of the three subunits A, B and C, which are encoded in Arabidopsis in large gene families. The multiplicity of the genes implies that NF-Y may act in diverse combinations of each subunit for the transcriptional control. We aimed to assign a function in stress response and plant development to NF-YC subunits by analyzing the expression of NF-Y genes and exp...

When targeted for embedded system applications, the pure MV logic network is extended to have abstract data variables. These variables can be thought of as carrying an infinite range of values, which in the actual implementation can be mapped to any arbitrary type. Three additional types of nodes are supported for functions involving data variables: expressions, multiplexers and predicates. The...

survivorship of the immature stage of anopheles culicifacies in damar district were studied through sampling larval and pupal stages from stream bed pools and rice fields during may and august 1993. the duration of each larval instar and the pupal stage was also determined in the laboratory for preparing the survivorship curves and the construction of the life tables. mortality from egg to adul...

The 13 forms of human liver glutathione S-transferases (GST) (Vander Jagt, D. L., Hunsaker, L. A., Garcia, K. B., and Royer, R. E. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 11603-11610) are composed of subunits in two electrophoretic mobility groups: Mr = 26,000 (Ha) and Mr = 27,500 (Hb). Preparations purified from the S-hexyl GSH-linked Sepharose 4B affinity column revealed three additional peptides at Mr = ...