Abstract Study question Are blastocyst expansion dynamics from time of starting blastulation (tSB) to biopsy (t-biopsy) indicative embryo competence? Summary answer Early across 5hours after tB, embryo-proper area (emb-A), zona-pellucida-area (zp-A), ZP-thickness (zp-T) at t-biopsy and their t-biopsy/tB ratios are associated with competence. What is known already Blastocyst the very first morph...

where s is a complex variable, f is a polynomial over Zp in n variables, |f | is its p-adic norm, and |dx| denotes the Haar measure on the compact group Zp , normalized to give Zp measure 1. A priori, Zp(f, s) is only defined when R(s) > 0. However, Igusa proved, using resolution of singularities, that it has a meromorphic continuation to the complex plane. Moreover, it is a rational function i...

Giant optical birefringence has been demonstrated in multilayer polymeric thin films (delta_n=0.3), in nanostructured silicon (delta_n=0.3) and in semiconductor nanowires (delta_n=0.8). In chip-scale waveguides at telecommunications-related wavelengths (1550 nm), giant birefringence has also been observed in the silicon-air slot waveguide (delta_n=0.7). Here, we demonstrate record giant birefri...

Presented is an analysis of the expanded uncertainty of an indirect measurement of modal birefringence of polarization maintaining fibers, based on the Sagnac interferometer and an optical spectrum analyzer. By using this method it is easy to achieve an expanded measurement uncertainty considerably lower than 1%, at a confidence level of 0.95, in measurements of fibers, whose birefringence is i...

We present a case series of cornea and anterior segment disorders investigated by an office-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT). Blebs of glaucoma patients treated by trabeculectomy, and corneas of keratoconus and keratoplasty patients were measured by PS-OCT. Birefringence formations in trabeculectomy bleb were measured in 1 control eye and 3 eyes of trabeculecto...

We present a full-vectorial modal analysis of a segmented cladding fiber (SCF). The analysis is based on the H-field vectorial finite element method (VFEM) employing polar mesh geometry. Using this method, we have analyzed the circular SCF and the elliptical SCF. We have found that the birefringence of the circular SCF is very small (1.0×10(-8)). Birefringence of a highly elliptical SCF can be ...

The structural anisotropy of biological tissues can be quantified using polarized light imaging in terms of birefringence; however, birefringence varies axially in anisotropic layered tissues. This may present ambiguity in result interpretation for techniques whose birefringence results are averaged over the sampling volume. To explore this issue, we extended the polarization sensitive Monte Ca...

We study the nonlinearity of Exponential Welch Costas functions using the Fourier transform on Zn. Exponential Welch Costas functions are bijections from Zp−1 to Zp−1 defined using the exponential function of Zp, where p is an odd prime. Their linearity properties were recently studied by Drakakis, Requena, and McGuire, who conjectured that the absolute values of the Fourier coefficients of an ...

Let f be a continuous ring endomorphism of ZpJxK/Zp of degree p. We prove that if f acts on the tangent space at 0 by a uniformizer and commutes with an automorphism of infinite order, then it is necessarily an endomorphism of a formal group over Zp. The proof relies on finding a stable embedding of ZpJxK in Fontaine’s crystalline period ring with the property that f appears in the monoid of en...

In humans, male and female partners contribute more or less equally to the infertility problem. In approximately 20% of infertile couples, the concurrence of male and female factors is suggested to be responsible for infertility. Neither of these factors are known nor is there a model system to prove this assumption. We present such a model system in the mouse, in which the lack of acrosin in t...