By varying the density of solution-processed lithium fluoride (sol-LiF) nanoparticles at the interface between tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) and poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), we have demonstrated that the electronic hole collection efficiency of an organic photovoltaic cell can be optimized through tuning the energy level alignment at the ITO/PEDOT:PSS inter...

Rapid atrial pacing causes electrical remodeling that leads to atrial fibrillation (AF). AF can further remodel atrial electrophysiology to maintain AF. Our previous studies showed that there was a marked difference in the duration of AF in dogs that have been atrial paced at 400 beats/min for 6 wk. We hypothesized that this difference is based on the changes in the degree of electrical remodel...

Amoeba proteus has two types of cytoplasmic filaments that are thought to be important in cell motility, cytoplasmic streaming, and changes in cytoplasmic consistency : thin, 50-70 A wide filaments, and short, thick, 160 A wide rods (Pollard and Ito, 1970) . The thin filaments resemble the actin filaments of muscle (Hanson and Lowy, 1963), Acanthamoeba (Weihing and Korn, 1969 ; Pollard et al .,...

In this study, a homogeneous method featuring simple, one-step detection was developed to analyze hippuric acid (HA), a major metabolite of toluene. High sensitivity was achieved with the facile immobilization of poly(vinylimidazole) (PVI) on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Using a previously developed approach, pentacyanoferrate was coordinated with pyridyl-N ligands, and the redox-active...

Introduction Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a commonly used transparent conducting oxide (TCO) with applications as a transparent electrode for flat panel displays [1], photovoltaic devices [2] and as an infrared mirror in energy saving windows [3]. ITO offers the best combination of electrical conductivity and visible light transmission with excellent environmental stability, reproducibility and su...

Tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) films with Sn/In atomic ratios in the range 0-0.1 were synthesized by electrochemically assisted deposition (EAD). The process involves a fast one-step cathodic deposition of a highly crystalline In-Sn hydroxide (InSnOH) film followed by thermal conversion into ITO at 300 C. The cathodic precipitation of InSnOH is preceded by formation of an In-Sn complex in solutio...

An analogy between the thermodynamic inequalities presented by Nicholson et al. [Nat. Phys. 16, 1211 (2020)] and Yoshimura Ito [Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 013175 (2021)] is discussed. As a result, time–energy uncertainty relation in chemical thermodynamics terms of Gibbs free energy potential derived. It numerically demonstrated that uncertainly holds model system oscillatory Brusselator reactions. Our...

OBJECTIVES Inhalation toxicities of indium-tin oxide (ITO) and indium oxide (IO) in mice were characterized in comparison with those previously reported in rats. METHODS B6C3F(1) mice of both sexes were exposed by inhalation to ITO or IO aerosol for 6 h/day, 5 day/wk for 2 wk at 0, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 mg/m(3) or 13 wk at 0, 0.1or 1 mg/m(3). RESULTS ITO and IO particles were deposited in the l...