BACKGROUND Cancer may be a stem cell (SC)-based disease involving formation of cancer SCs (CSCs) potentially arising from transformation of normal SCs. Cadmium has been linked to human pancreatic cancer. OBJECTIVE We studied cadmium exposure of human pancreatic ductal epithelial (HPDE) cells and whether SCs may be targeted in this process. METHODS We chronically exposed HPDE cells to low le...

Capsule endoscopy (CE) has become a first-line noninvasive tool for visualisation of the small bowel (SB) and is being increasingly used for investigation of the colon. The European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines have specified requirements for the clinical applications of CE. However, there are no standardized recommendations yet for CE training courses in Europe. The ...

Sweeney, Michele, Sharon S. McDaniel, Oleksandr Platoshyn, Shen Zhang, Ying Yu, Bethany R. Lapp, Ying Zhao, Patricia A. Thistlethwaite, and Jason X.-J. Yuan. Role of capacitative Ca2 entry in bronchial contraction and remodeling. J Appl Physiol 92: 1594–1602, 2002; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00722.2001.—Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway obstruct...

BACKGROUND Rho kinases (ROCKs) mediate cell contraction, local adhesion, and cell motility, which are considered to be important in cell differentiation. We postulated that ROCKs are involved in controlling embryonic stem (ES) cell renewal and differentiation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS CCE, a murine ES cell, was treated with Y-27632 for 48 to 96 hours and colony formation was evaluated. ...

Wang, Jian, Larissa A. Shimoda, Letitia Weigand, Wenqian Wang, Dejun Sun, and J. T. Sylvester. Acute hypoxia increases intracellular [Ca ] in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle by enhancing capacitative Ca entry. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 288: L1059 –L1069, 2005. First published January 21, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajplung.00448.2004.—Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) requires influx of ...

Based on the 13th Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), education is most effective channel in educating new generation to learn ways avoid adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, this research was conducted examine level understanding, readiness, and motivation Science Teachers Climate Change Education (CCE) as well identify relationship between teachers implementing CCE schools. A quant...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effect of chest expansion resistance exercises (CERE) on chest expansion, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) in elderly people with inspiratory muscle weakness. [Subjects] Thirty elderly people with inspiratory muscle weakness (MIP < 80% of the predicted value) were randomly and equally assigned to a chest...

1alpha,25-Dihydroxy-Vitamin-D3 (1alpha,25(OH)2-Vitamin D3) stimulates in skeletal muscle cells Ca2+ release from inner stores and influx through both voltage-dependent and store-operated Ca2+ (SOC, CCE) channels. We investigated the involvement of TRPC proteins and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in CCE induced by 1alpha,25(OH)2D3 in chick muscle cells. Two fragments were amplified by RT-PCR, exhibiti...

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Sodium phosphate is a key component of bowel preparation regimen for colon capsule endoscopy (CCE), but may cause serious complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of Gastrografin, substituted for sodium phosphate, in CCE bowel preparation. PATIENTS AND METHODS In total, 29 patients (median age 64 years; 23 females) underwent CCE, covered by the nat...

Present-day sentence generators are often incapable of producing a wide variety of wellformed elliptical versions of coordinated clauses, in particular, of combined elliptical phenomena (Gapping, Forward and Backward Conjunction Reduction, etc.). The applicability of the various types of clausal coordinate ellipsis (CCE) presupposes detailed comparisons of the syntactic properties of the coordi...