Glycated haemoglobins are haemoglobins with an attached sugar moiety. They constitute the HbA1 fraction of the adult haemoglobin HbA. HbA1c is the predominant fraction of HbA1 and gives an estimate of the blood sugar levels of an individual over the last three months. It has been observed that an HbA1c value of less than seven percent reduces the microvascular complications in diabetic patients...

The importance of the HbA1c assay for evaluation of long-term glucose control is well established (1–3). However, data for HbA1c and average plasma glucose, in spite of their strong correlation (4 –7), show considerable scatter: for a given HbA1c level, average blood glucose generally varies by 5 mmol/l (7). This hampers interpretation of the HbA1c values of individual patients. In this study o...

The objective of optimal diabetes control is to maintain normal glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in order to prevent diabetic complications. There is considerable evidence from landmark studies that HbA1c is linked to vascular complications of diabetes [1,2]. But HbA1c has its limitations too. Though being representative of an overall glycemic status, yet when incorporting all the components o...

OBJECTIVES Determine the feasibility of using a diabetes risk assessment tool followed by HbA1c-measurement in a community-pharmacy setting in Norway. METHODS In this longitudinal study two pharmacists in each of three community pharmacies were trained to perform risk assessments, HbA1c-measurements and counselling. Pharmacy customers who were > 18 years old and could understand and speak Nor...

BACKGROUND Diabetes is common in the older population and is increasing. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is an indicator of average blood glucose concentration over the past three months. The HbA1c test is currently one of clinical methods used to check diabetes control. Recent studies have suggested diabetes is a risk factor for dementia, cognitive dysfunction and physical disability. In addition,...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) provides an accurate and reliable method to assess the glycemic control in patients with Diabetes. Its measurement is limited by the inconvenience of sample collection that requires venipuncture, sample handling and storage factors. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a dried capillary blood spot on a filter paper to...

BACKGROUND The new HbA1c criteria for diagnosis of pre-diabetes have been criticised for misdiagnosis. It is possible that some elevation of HbA1c is not driven by hyperglycaemia. This study assesses associations of HbA1c, commonly assumed to relate solely to glucose concentration, with (i) smoking, a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and (ii) fruit & vegetables consumption associat...

BACKGROUND We evaluated the association between glycaemic control and the risk of heart failure (HF) in a contemporary cohort of persons followed after diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS AND RESULTS Persons with T2D diagnosed between 1998 and 2012 were retrieved from the Clinical Practice Research Data Link in the UK and followed from diagnosis until the event of HF, mortality, drop ...

OBJECTIVE Long-term complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) can be prevented with adequate glycaemic control. However, high levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) occur in 60%-90% of the patients with DM1. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical factors on the HbA1c levels of patients with DM1 in Brazil. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A c...

• The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test is a marker for average blood glucose levels in the months prior to testing and is the favored measure of glycemic control for patients with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association recommends HbA1c testing every 3-4 months for Type II diabetes patients who use insulin or with results outside the HbA1c recommended range. • Individuals with HbA1c values in ex...