We characterized cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) as any neuro-psychiatric condition associated with low spinal fluid (CSF) N5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) but normal folate status outside the central nervous system (CNS). The commonest cause underlying CFD syndromes is the presence of serum autoantibodies of the blocking type directed against folate receptor-α (FRα) attached to the plasma-sid...

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are routinely performed as part of the design process of most fluid handling devices. In order to efficiently and effectively use the results of a CFD simulation, visualization tools are often used. These tools are used in all stages of the CFD simulation including pre-processing, interim-processing, and post-processing, to interpret the results. E...

Air distribution in commercial airliner cabins is very important for the comfort and health of passengers and crew. Experimental measurements, CFD simulations, and inverse modeling are state-of-the-art methods available for studying the air distribution. This paper gave an overview the different experimental models, such as scale models, simplified models, full-scale mockups, and actual air cab...

CAD models from conceptual design often follow the “over-the-wall” approach for downstream analyses such as FEA, CFD, heat transfer, and vibrations. The CAD-centric approach consists of using the CAD model as a source of data for downstream applications such as mesh generation, and CFD setup. The CAD model used in the CAD-centric approach contains the geometry to be analyzed and all non-geometr...

Thermochemical conversion of biomass offers an efficient and economically process to provide gaseous, liquid and solid fuels and prepare chemicals derived from biomass. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling applications on biomass thermochemical processes help to optimize the design and operation of thermochemical reactors. Recent progression in numerical techniques and computing efficacy ...

In this paper, the heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) is considered and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to analyze its evaporator’s performance and based on it, will be try to increase the thermal efficiency and to optimize the distribution of fluid flow in this type of heat exchangers. The CFD principles which are made use in this article are effective and appropriate methods that usin...

PURPOSE The authors present a patient with Marfan syndrome who underwent cataract surgery using a novel device for fixation of capsular bag. METHODS The capsule fixation device (CFD) is poly(methyl methacrylate) arch with double-armed bent hook that can be introduced into the anterior chamber through the clear corneal incision, placed with a rest on the capsule equator, and sutured to the scl...

Clinical trials have shown that functional assessment of coronary stenosis by fractional flow reserve (FFR) improves clinical outcomes. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) complements conventional angiography, and is a powerful tool to assess atherosclerotic plaques and to guide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation represents a novel method for the...

This paper describes recent research on flapping-wing micro air vehicles, based on insect-like aerodynamics. A combined analytical, experimental and CFD approach is being adopted to understand and design suitable wing aerodynamics and kinematics. The CFD has used the Fluent 6 commercial code together with the grid-generating software Gambit 2; the experiments have been conducted in air and wate...

Aerospace engineers have always been leading in the field of design using computational simulations. We design vehicles that go fast, fly high, and operate in extreme conditions. Because computation can help reduce expensive tests that physically simulate these extreme conditions, we benefit from computational simulation and design. This is why successful aerospace companies and agencies, such ...