TGF-β is a pleotropic cytokine involved in various biological processes. Of the three isoforms of TGF-β, TGF-β1 has long been recognized as an important inhibitory cytokine in the immune system and has been reported to inhibit B cell function in both mice and humans. Recently, it has been suggested that TGF-β3 may play an important role in the regulation of immune system in mice. Murine CD4+CD2...

BACKGROUND The clinical relevance of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-signalling pathway in breast carcinomas (BCs) remained elusive. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of TGF-beta1 and transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor (TGF-betaRII) expression levels in tumour cells and their association with the established biomarkers in BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 32...

Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is the pivotal pro-fibrogenic cytokine in hepatic fibrosis. Reducing the over-produced expression of TGF-β1 or blocking its signaling pathways is considered to be a promising therapeutic strategy for hepatic fibrosis. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of attenuating hepatic fibrosis by vaccination against TGF-β1 with TGF-β1 kinoids. Two TGF-β1 ki...

Nephron function is stabilized by tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF). TGF operates within the juxtaglomerular apparatus, sensing changes in tubular flow and eliciting compensatory changes in single nephron GFR (SNGFR). The mediator(s) of TGF remains unconfirmed. One theory is that ATP consumed in active transport by the macula densa leads to formation of adenosine, which causes glomerular vasocons...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Self-assembling peptide hydrogels were modified to deliver transforming growth factor b1 (TGF-b1) to encapsulated b...

Abstract Background and Aims The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) agonists have been shown to dampen TGF-β signaling suppress miR-130a in VSMCs also profibrotic miR-21-5p the kidney. We recently demonstrated that pioglitazone ameliorates established renal fibrosis by suppressing STAT3 EGR1 [1], but its effect on has not investigated. Thus, we aimed study how chronic oral tre...

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder representing fibrosis in the skin and internal organs such as lungs. An activated differentiation of local progenitor cells to myofibroblasts likely key mechanism underlying overproduction extracellular matrix resultant SSc. Calpains are family members Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases for which biological action may contribute various or...

Background/Aim. The studies of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and growth factors as the materials used for direct pulp capping have produced conflicting results both issue inflammatory response calcified bridge formation. Hap/poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (HAp/PLGA) is a bioresorbable polymer with demonstrated good characteristics carrier bone morphogenetic protein necessary in tissue regeneration. role de...

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an important component of air pollution and can induce lung inflammation oxidative stress. We hypothesized that PM2.5 could play a role in the induction pulmonary fibrosis. examined whether multiple intranasal instillation fibrosis mouse, also investigated underlying pro-fibrotic signaling pathways. C57/BL6 mice were intranasally instilled with 50 ?l suspensio...