Due to its structure, hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) is a slowly biodegradable substance, hydrolysing in acid environment to ammonium and formaldehyde. Formaldehyde is toxic under normal conditions for biological treatment processes. Following an adaptation, a formaldehyde concentration of 1000 mg·l may become biodegradable both in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Acidic conditions for hydrolysi...

Pellet heat and mass transfer coefficients inside packed beds do not have definite deterministic values, but are stochastic quantities with a certain distribution. Here, a method is presented to incorporate the stochastic distribution of pellet properties in reactor design and operation models. The theory presented is illustrated with a number of examples. It is shown that pellet-scale statisti...

Approach • Complete reverse kinetics and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling to optimize reactor geometry for forward reactions • Measure forward kinetics in quartz & Inconel reactors to determine reactor wall catalysis • Measure forward kinetics in reactor packed with membrane material to determine catalytic activity • Measure membrane H2 permeability in presence of clean syngas compon...

Adaptation of network weights using LevenbergMarquardt (LM) training algorithm was proposed as a mechanism to improve the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in modeling the Tennessee Eastman (TE) chemical process reactor. A Neural Network of the AutoRegressive, eXternal (NNARX) input model was developed. Four sub-models for the TE reactor were built. They are: the reactor level, th...

Knowledge of the neutron distribution in a nuclear reactor is necessary to ensure the safe and efficient burnup of reactor fuel. Currently these measurements are performed by in-core systems in what are extremely hostile environments and in most reactor accident scenarios it is likely that these systems would be damaged. Here we present a compact and portable radiation imaging system with the a...

The paper is focused on the comparison of the reverse flow reactor (RFR) and of the counter-current reactor (CCR) operation, focusing the attention on the interaction between transport phenomena and chemical reactions, as well as on the analysis of the dynamic behavior. A heterogeneous mathematical model was used in order to investigate the performance of both reactor configurations. The role o...

The Pebble Bed Advanced High Temperature Reactor (PB-AHTR) is a liquid-salt cooled reactor that uses conventional TRISO fuel. Due to the high thermal inertia of the liquid salt coolant, the PB-AHTR allows for a much higher power-density core than traditional gas-cooled high temperature reactors. High power density has a favorable economic impact. In 2007, the baseline design 2400MWth PB-AHTR wa...

Several microfluidic reactors were designed and applied to the synthesis of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs). Initially, a simple single-phase capillary reactor was used for the synthesis of CdSe NCs. Precursors were delivered into a section of the capillary maintained at high temperature where they decomposed and reacted to form NCs. Monodisperse, bright CdSe NC samples were prepared...

Polyvinyl alcohol-containing desizing wastewater discharged within final textile wastewater has a great impact to the environment due to its poor biodegradability. An improved lab-scale hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor was developed to treat desizing wastewater. The modification was achieved by increasing the height of hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor and application of proper effluent recycle ...