We present a model of cultural evolution in which an individual's propensity to engage in social learning is affected by social learning itself. We assume that individuals observe cultural traits displayed by others and decide whether to copy them based on their overall preference for the displayed traits. Preferences, too, can be transmitted between individuals. Our results show that such cult...

A given type of psychotherapy (e.g., psychodynamic) is associated with a set of specific change techniques (e.g., interpreting defenses, identifying relationship themes). Different change techniques can be conceived of as influencing different parts of personality (e.g., interpreting defense increases conscious awareness). An integrated model of personality is presented. Then, change techniques...

The evaluation of individual cognitive change has relied heavily upon the raw change score, defined simply as the difference between follow-up and baseline scores. However, raw changes scores are susceptible to the confounding effects of both regression-to-the-mean and practice effect. The clinical relevance of raw change scores for the older adult is also obscured by normal, age-related cognit...

BACKGROUND Computerized cognitive testing has the potential to be an effective way to assess and monitor cognition in large neuroepidemiological studies. CogState is a game-like computerized test with demonstrated validity and reliability that has shown sensitivity to decline in older individuals over time. This study aimed to evaluate the serial usability of the test specifically within an old...

We investigated the relationship between deep acting, automatic regulation and customer tips with 2 different study designs. The first study was a daily diary study using a sample of Dutch waiters and taxi-drivers and assessed the link of employees' daily self-reported levels of deep acting and automatic regulation with the amount of tips provided by customers (N = 166 measurement occasions nes...

BACKGROUND The effects of biological and physical factors on cognitive aging are widely studied. Less is known about the role of psychosocial factors such as stress and social relationships for cognitive functioning. METHODS Speakers in Session IV of the Summit focused on possible mechanisms linking social interactions and stressful experiences to cognitive changes with aging. RESULTS Eleva...

Conflict of interest: All authors are employees and equity holders in CogState Ltd, the company that develops and markets the CogSport computerised cognitive testing software.

Let p be a prime and let L = {l1, l2, . . . , ls} and K = {k1, k2, . . . , kr} be two subsets of {0, 1, 2, . . . , p − 1} satisfying max lj < min ki. We will prove the following results: If F = {F1, F2, . . . , Fm} is a family of subsets of [n] = {1, 2, . . . , n} such that |Fi ∩ Fj | (mod p) ∈ L for every pair i 6= j and |Fi| (mod p) ∈ K for every 1 ≤ i ≤ m, then |F| ≤ ( n− 1 s ) + ( n− 1 s− 1...

Suppose a sequence of random variables {Xn} has negative drift when above a certain threshold and has increments bounded in Lp. When p > 2 this implies that EXn is bounded above by a constant independent of n and the particular sequence {Xn}. When p ≤ 2 there are counterexamples showing this does not hold. In general, increments bounded in Lp lead to a uniform Lr bound on X+ n for any r < p − 1...

In this paper, given a composite integer n, we propose a method of constructing p-ary low correlation zone(LCZ) sequences of period p − 1 from p-ary m-sequences of the same length. The new construction method is a generalized form of the quaternary LCZ sequence by Kim, Jang, No, and Chung in the view of the alphabet size. The correlation distribution of these new p-ary LCZ sequences is derived.