In spite of penetrating stains and brightfield optics of considerable resolution, definite limits of observation inevitably were reached in traditional cytology. Although the light microscope revealed basal bodies in the spores of watermolds, how did they anchor successfully against the forceful beating of flagella? While the best of optical glass could reveal bivalent rings in presumed meiotic...

WSNs have limited computational power, limited memory and battery power this increases the complexity and leads to need for data aggregation method. The main goal of data aggregation algorithms is to gather and aggregate data in an energy efficient manner, so that lifetime of network is increased. When WSN sensing an event the redundant data will be detected and collected this need to increase ...

We discuss two ways to determine, given I ⊂ S, whether I ∈ I. The first method is based on the previous lecture, where we considered the set Ŝ = ∪̇Ŝi, a union of disjoint copies of the Si. Formally, we write Ŝ = {(e, i) : e ∈ Si}. There is a natural mapping f : Ŝ → ∪Si which maps (e, i) to e. We can now define a partition matroid Mp over the ground set Ŝ, where I(Mp) = { I ⊆ Ŝ s.t. ∀e ∈ S : |I ∩...

of the disease is better understood. In the mid-19th century, the humoral theory of breast cancer was overturned by a mechanistic model viz., ‘it arises in the breast and spreads centrifugally to regional lymph nodes and thence to rest of the body’. Charles Moore, (1821–1879) a surgeon from the Middlesex Hospital in London, among others, believed that the only way to cure breast cancer was very...