Fresh water scarcity has become a global problem which needs a serious attempt to find proper solutions for decreasing the pressure on the limited water resources. The exact estimation of crop virtual water would help with choosing crops with high crop and water productivity which lead to both food and water security. Thus, in this research, maize virtual water was estimated using HYDRUS2D base...

Manure can provide valuable nutrients, especially N, for grass forage, but high NH, volatilization losses from standard surface-broadcast application limits N availability and raises environmental concerns. Eight field trials were conducted to evaluate the emission of NH, from liquid dairy manure, either surface broadcast or applied in narrow surface bands with a trailing-foot implement. Manure...

Growth patterns and reactions of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to thinning in extremely harsh climatic conditions were studied in two seeded Scots pine stands located on the arctic timberline. Coniferous trees usually do not form closed stands at the timberline, but occur only in scattered tree groups. The trial was established in two stands in 1985–1986 when the trees were at an age of 47 a...

Manure produced by livestock activity is a dangerous product capable of causing serious environmental pollution. Agronomic management practices on the use of manure may transform the target from a waste to a resource product. Experiments performed on comparison of manure with standard chemical fertilizers (CF) were studied under a double cropping per year regime (alfalfa, model I; Italian ryegr...

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has attracted attention as a promising second generation biofuel feedstock. Both existing grasslands and marginal croplands have been suggested as targets for conversion to switchgrass, but the resulting production potentials and hydrologic impacts are not clear. The objectives of this study were to model switchgrass production on existing grasslands (scenario-...

Forest attributes and their abundances define the stand structural complexity available as habitat for faunal biodiversity; however, intensive anthropogenic disturbances have the potential to degrade and simplify forest stands. In this paper we develop an index of stand structural complexity and show how anthropogenic disturbances, namely fire, logging, livestock, and their combined presence, a...

H2-M3 is a class Ib MHC molecule that binds a highly restricted pool of peptides, resulting in its intracellular retention under normal conditions. However, addition of exogenous M3 ligands induces its escape from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and, ultimately, its expression at the cell surface. These features of M3 make it a powerful and novel model system to study the potentially interrelate...

ing for muscarinic receptors (m1, m2, m3, m4, m5) have been identified and cloned. Pharmacologically, four subtypes (M1, M2, M3, M4) have been defined. 6—8) Among these muscarinic receptor subtypes, M3 receptors are localized in smooth muscle and mucosal glands and mediate contraction and mucus secretion. M1 receptors, localized to the post-ganglionic cholinergic nerve terminals and glands, fac...

Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Pekalen yang terletak di wilayah administrasi Kabupaten Probolinggo, Provinsi Jawa Timur bermuara Selat Madura dan bersumber dari Gunung Argopuro Lemongan mempunyai luas sekitar 1.696,17 km2 . Penyebab terjadinya banjir Probolinggo pada tahun 2018 2019 kemungkinan dikarenakan banyak terjadi penebangan pohon hulu DAS Kali pekalen didominasi sengon hutan masyarakat, sel...