In 1875, Richard Caton, a physician and medical lecturer from Liverpool, discovered that brain electrical signals could be recorded directly from the surface of the exposed cortex using a reflecting galvanometer. A half century later, Hans Berger (1929) was able to detect these brain waves with electrodes placed on scalp. He, like Caton, noted that these voltages could be influenced by external...

This paper examines the early schooling, in London and in Cambridge, of the later Nobel laureate and President of the Royal Society, the physiologist Sir Henry Dale (1875-1968). The influence of key teachers who directed the boy's interest towards science, and the impact of his schooling on his university education and later scientific career, are examined in particular. The significance of the...

The modern food processing industry began in 1810 when Nicolas Appert invented the canning process. This was followed by the invention of a mechanical ammonia refrigeration system in 1875. In the 1860s Louis Pasteur had discovered the connection between the micro-organism and food spoilage, this put the development of food processing and preservation techniques on a firm scientific foundation. ...

The Thomas splint is a common piece of equipment in emergency departments and orthopaedic units in hospitals worldwide. Its basic design has changed little since its first description by Hugh Owen Thomas was published in 1875. We have reviewed the origins of the Thomas splint as a means of correction of deformities of the lower limb and its evolution through both World Wars into an essential it...

Swellings over the finger joints in association with Dupuytren's disease (DD) were noted in 1893 by Archibald E. Garrod, Assistant Physician at St Bartholomew's Hospital, and later described by Garrod in the Bridsh Medical Journal (1904) as 'pads' (Fig. 15.1). Sir James Paget (1875) had previously written in the same journal an article entided 'On the minor signs of gout in the hands and feet' ...

Excellent book is always being the best friend for spending little time in your office, night time, bus, and everywhere. It will be a good way to just look, open, and read the book while in that time. As known, experience and skill don't always come with the much money to acquire them. Reading this book with the PDF essays on the history of organic chemistry in the united states 1875 1955 will ...

The twin method is usually credited to Francis Galton's 1875 article on twins. However, Galton did not propose the comparison between identical and fraternal twin resemblance which is the essence of the twin method. Although the twin method was "in the air" in the mid-1920s, the first descriptions of the method appeared in an article by Curtis Merriman and in a book by Hermann Siemens, both in ...

Sir Henry Dale, THe GreaT inveSTiGaTor Henry Dale (1875-1968), a Londoner by birth was one of the most productive scientists in contemporary England, and was endowed with extraordinary and active longevity. He completed his medical training from St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. After choosing to work in basic investigations, he joined the Physiology Department of University College and worked under ...

Immature stages of Chelymorpha reimoseri Spaeth, 1928 are described in detail, including line drawings, chaetotaxy, sculpture of integument, and SEM photos of morphological details. It is the first detailed description of immatures in the genus Chelymorpha Chevrolat, 1836 and the fourth in the tribe Mesomphaliini Chapuis, 1875 which include chaetotaxy of the body. Diagnostic characters for this...