Classical theorems of Gel’fand et al. and recent results of Beukers show that nonconfluent Cohen–Macaulay A-hypergeometric systems have reducible monodromy representation if and only if the continuous parameter is A-resonant. We remove both the confluence and Cohen–Macaulayness conditions while simplifying the proof.

One of the most famous algorithmic meta-theorems states that every graph property that can be defined by a sentence in counting monadic second order logic (CMSOL) can be checked in linear time for graphs of bounded treewidth, which is known as Courcelle’s Theorem [6]. These algorithms are constructed as finite state tree automata, and hence every CMSOL-definable graph property is recognizable. ...

Biofouling, also known as barnacles and slime, may not be the trendiest, high-tech topic of conversation in the world of operational energy. Most would rather discuss a new weapon system or innovative green technology that allows Sailors and Marines to increase operational tempo or achieve more efficient fuel consumption. What most people don’t realize is that biofouling may actually represent ...

Crystals of the nerve growth factor protein were grown by vapor diffusion from ethanol solution. The crystals are hexagonal, belonging to space group P622 (or its enantiomorph) with a equals 56.1 A, c equals 181.4 A, and V equals 494,400 A. The unit cell contains six molecules of dimeric protein and thus has one monomer per asymmetric unit. The diffraction pattern extends to at least 2.7 A, ind...

Desired Saving Equals Desired Investment The theory says that the real interest rate r adjusts so desired saving S equals desired investment I (figure 1). As the real interest rate is the cost of capital to the firm, a lower real interest causes higher investment demand. And as the real interest rate is the return to saving, a higher real interest rate creates a greater incentive to save; and s...