This paper evaluates changes in electricity generation costs caused by the introduction of market mechanisms to determine production United States. I use staggered transition markets from 1999 2012 estimate causal impact liberalization using a differences-in-difference design on comprehensive hourly panel demand, generators’ costs, capacities, and output. find that reduce 5 percent reallocating...

We investigate the effect of teenage driving on mortality and risky behaviors in United States using a regression discontinuity design. estimate that total rises by 5.84 deaths per 100,000 (15 percent) at minimum legal age cutoff, driven an increase motor vehicle fatalities 4.92 (44 percent). also find poisoning deaths, which are caused primarily drug overdoses, rise 0.31 (29 cutoff this is con...

Population aging is expected to slow US economic growth. We use variation in the predetermined component of population across states estimate impact on growth GDP per capita for 1980–2010. find that each 10 percent increase fraction age 60+ decreased by 5.5 percent. One-third reduction arose from slower employment growth; two-thirds due labor productivity Labor compensation and wages also decli...

Regarding the increase in needs of human societies to agricultural products, increasing water use efficiency can lead to persistent use of limited water resources. Therefore, in this study using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), technical, allocative, managerial and economic efficiency and also Optimal level of inputs is surveyed in order to achieve maximum Efficiency in Marvdasht city in 20...