We present Popper’s theory of deductive logic as exhibited in his articles published between 1947 and 1949. After an introduction to inferentialist approach idea “inferential definitions” logical constants, we discuss more formal detail general the deducibility relation (which, using Gentzen’s terminology, might be called “structural” theory), well special constants. put emphasis on inferential...

Abstract This article presents a simple, cognitive theory of science and learning. The first section the paper develops theory's two main propositions: (i) A wide range scientific activities rely heavily on one type reasoning, hypothetical thinking, (ii) reasoning is also useful to students for learning content. second taxonomy multiple‐choice questions that use thinking third tests using data ...

positive political metatheory based on the naturalistic ontology concerning unity of method in science, implies reducing social and political issues to naturalistic one and study the emperical regularities in a similar methodology. therfore, behaviors political fields conciderd to be subjected to a causal order that implies explanation and prediction according to deductive structure of scientif...