BACKGROUND Measurement of the ABO antibody (Ab) titer is important in ABO-incompatible transplantation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no standard protocol or external survey program to measure the ABO Ab titer has been established in Korea. We investigated the current status of ABO Ab titer measurements at various laboratories in Korea and the impact of the protocol provided to reduce ...

A clinicopathologic analysis of liver transplantation across major ABO blood group barriers was carried out 1) to determine if antibody-mediated (humoral) rejection was a cause of graft failure and if humoral rejection can be identified, 2) to propose criteria for establishing the diagnosis, and 3) to describe the clinical and pathological features of humoral rejection. A total of 51 (24 primar...

Many of the plant species found that it can be used medically (Ali-Shtayeh and Abu, 1999). Essential oils are aromatic substances which are obtained from various plant parts by steam distillation; many of which exhibit antibacterial (Ozcan et al., 2006), antifungal (Chee and Lee, 2007) and antiviral (Khan et al., 2005) activity. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is widely used in traditional med...

Recombinations are known to disrupt bifurcating tree structure of gene genealogies. Although recently occurred recombinations are easily detectable by using conventional methods, recombinations may have occurred at any time. We devised a new method for detecting ancient recombinations through phylogenetic network analysis, and detected five ancient recombinations in gibbon ABO blood group genes...

INTRODUCTION OnabotulinumtoxinA (ONA; Botox, Allergan, Irvine, CA) was discovered for cosmetic use in the mid-1980s for which it was FDA approved in April 2002. AbobotulinumtoxinA (ABO; Dysport, Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc, Montreal, Quebec) was FDA approved in April 2009 for therapeutic and esthetic uses. The most recent studies make a comparison between the two formulations; ho...

THE ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME (ARDS) is characterized by rapid-onset, severe lung inflammation with massive influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) into the lungs and injury to the alveolar capillary barrier and is associated with a high mortality rate. There is mounting evidence that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to the pathogenesis of ARDS. Most MMPs implicated ...

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory condition (high incidence and mortality rates) caused by various etiologies such as sepsis, shock, pneumonia, heart failure, aspiration, and toxic gas. Currently, there are no established therapeutic strategies to reverse ALI disease progression. In addition, the very high-concentration oxygen therapy widely used to counteract ALI-induced hypoxiem...