The developing submandibular salivary gland (SMG) is a well-studied model for tissue interactions and branching morphogenesis. Its development shares similar features with other ectodermal appendages such as hair and tooth. The ectodysplasin (Eda) pathway is essential for the formation and function of several ectodermal organs. Mutations in the signaling components of the Eda pathway lead to a ...

An unprecedented intermolecular aliphatic C-F···H-C interaction was observed in the X-ray crystal structure of a fluorinated triterpenoid. Despite the notion of fluorine being a poor acceptor, computational and IR studies revealed this interaction to be a weak to moderate hydrogen bond with a C-H stretch vibration frequency blue-shifted by 14 cm-1 and d(F-H) = 2.13 Å. In addition, the aliphatic...

This prospective study aimed to compare the efficacy of epidural (EDA) versus intravenous (PCA) application of analgesics after lumbar fusion. Fifty-two patients scheduled for elective posterior instrumented lumbar fusion were randomized into two groups. EDA patients received an epidural catheter intraoperatively, and administration of ropivacain and sulfentanil was started after a normal posto...

Despite their importance to oral health, the mechanisms of minor salivary gland (SG) development are largely unexplored. Here we present in vivo and in vitro analyses of developing minor SGs in wild type and mutant mice. Eda, Shh and Fgf signalling pathway genes are expressed in these glands from an early stage of development. Developing minor SGs are absent in Eda pathway mutant embryos, and t...

Objective. To observe the protective effect of edaravone (Eda) on astrocytes after prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide (CO) and further to investigate the potential mechanisms of Eda against CO-induced apoptosis. Methods. The rat primary cultured astrocytes were cultured in vitro and exposed to 1% CO for 24 h after being cultured with different concentrations of Eda. MTT assay was used to det...

We postulated that a novel free radical scavenger, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one (edaravone; EDA), would attenuate inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in the liver after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge through its antioxidant effect. Rats were administered EDA (0.3, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, and 12.0 mg/kg) or the same volume of saline intravenously just after LPS (10 mg/kg) injection ...

Background The low efficiency of clustered, regularly interspaced, palindromic repeats-associated Cas (CRISPR/Cas) system editing genes in vivo limits the application. A components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), the extra domain A positive fibronectin (EDA+FN), may be a target for CRISPR/Cas system for the pro-oncogenic effects. The exclusion of EDA exon would alter the microenvironment and...

Organs developing as appendages of the ectoderm are initiated from epithelial thickenings called placodes. Their formation is regulated by interactions between the ectoderm and underlying mesenchyme, and several signalling molecules have been implicated as activators or inhibitors of placode formation. Ectodysplasin (Eda) is a unique signalling molecule in the tumour necrosis factor family that...

BACKGROUND Estrogen exposure plays a role in breast cancer (BC) development. A novel estrogen biomarker, the estrogen DNA adduct (EDA) ratio, was shown to be elevated in women at high-risk of BC and among BC cases. Modifiable factors may impact the EDA ratio, with studies demonstrating that resveratrol reduces EDA ratio in vitro. We sought to examine the hypothesis that dietary intake of fruits...

A computational analysis on the CH/ interactions in a group of 49 therapeutic proteins was investigated. A total of 77 CH/ interactions were observed. The donor atom contribution to CH/ interactions was mainly from aromatic residues. Long-range CH/ interactions are the predominant type of interactions in therapeutic proteins data set. The secondary structure preference, solvent accessibility an...