Exogenous acetylcholine (ACh) is known to stimulate atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion concomitantly with a decrease in atrial pulse pressure. However, the role of intrinsic ACh in the regulation of ANP secretion remains unknown. Recently, it was shown that nonneuronal and neuronal ACh is present in the cardiac atria. From this finding we hypothesize that endogenously released ACh is in...

characteristic lesion of the erythrocytes in the laboratory. Attempts along this line were made by Rodbard1 who, assuming that the erythrocytic defect was localized in the lipid fraction of the stroma, succeeded on a few occasions in obtaining lysis of normal red cells in acidified serum-which occurs also under the same conditions to PNH red cells2-by means of repeated washing with dilute alcoh...

We investigated the mechanisms conferring resistance to methyl-parathion (44-fold) and to methomyl (8-fold) in Tetranychus urticae from Greece by studying the effect of synergists on the resistance and the kinetic characteristics of various enzymes in a resistant strain (RLAB) and a susceptible reference strain (SAMB). It is shown that S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate, a synergist that inhibi...

Kinetics of hydrolysis of acetylcholine and acetylthiocholine by two types of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibited by 13 new inhibitors (5 carbamates and 8 carbazates--hydrazinium derivatives) was measured in vitro in a batch reactor at 25 degrees C, pH 8, ionic strength 0.11 M and enzyme activity 3.5 U by four nondependent analytical methods. Sevin, rivastigmin (Exelon) and...

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia in adults, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain characterized by loss of memory and steady deterioration of cognition. Here, a series of symmetrical molecules containing biphenyl/bibenzyl scaffolds (12-36) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their ability to inhibit both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and buty...

Smyrnium connatum Boiss. and Kotschy is known as “yabani kereviz” in Turkey its roots are used to treat asthma. species by people different regions diuretic, depurative laxative. The aim of this analysis was test the biological activities methanol extracts obtained from aerial parts S. using a Soxhlet extractor, ultrasonic assisted extraction, maceration procedures. were tested for their acetyl...

Beside acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase could be considered as a putative target of interest for the symptomatic treatment Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As result complexity AD, no molecule has been approved since 2002. Idalopirdine, 5-HT6 receptors antagonist, did not show its effectiveness in clinical trial despite evaluation adjunct to cholinesterase inhibitors. Pleiotropic molecules,...

Various native Korean plants were screened to find an effective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among these plants, the ethanol extract of Poncirus trifoliate was selected for isolating the AChE inhibitor because it exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (47.31%). To separate the active compound from Poncirus trifoliate, solvent partition,...